674 JUNIPERUS 



Var. TURBINATA. Fruits egg-shaped, sometimes top-shaped, as compared 

 with the usually spherical ones of the type. 



J. PROCUMBENS, Siebold. 



A low, spreading shrub of sturdy habit, i to 2 ft. high, and densely 

 furnished with stiff branchlets. Leaves \ to \ in. long, always awl-shaped, 

 and in threes, ending in a sharp, stiff point ; concave on the upper side and 

 glaucous, but with a distinct green midrib and margins ; lower side bright 

 green, with a groove near the base. The leaves point forward, and are 

 somewhat incurved towards the tip. 



Native of Japan ; described by Siebold in 1844, about which time it 

 was in cultivation as J. squamata at Kew. It appears afterwards to have 

 almost disappeared from cultivation, but was reintrpduced in 1893. There 

 is a very fine example in the Vicarage Garden at Bitton, 4 or 5 yds. across 

 and about 18 ins. high. It is allied to J. squamata, but is a more vigorous 

 and hardy shrub, its foliage larger, stiffer, and more spiny at the tip. No 

 dwarf juniper, indeed, is handsomer than this, or makes a more striking 

 low, dense covering for the ground. It never appears to have borne fruit 

 in cultivation, but strikes root readily from cuttings. It must not be confused 

 with a prostrate form of J. Sabina found in N. America, which is also known 

 by this name. 



J. RECURVA, Buchanan- Hamilton. HIMALAYAN JUNIPER. 



A tree 30 to 40 ft. high, or a shrub, usually broadly pyramidal in shape, 

 and clothed to the ground with branches, which are curved downwards at the 

 ends ; bark brown, peeling off in thin flakes. Leaves in whorls of threes, 

 \ to J in. long, uniformly awl-shaped, all pointing fowards and rather appressed 

 to the branchlet which they completely hide ; upper (inner) surface very 

 concave and glaucous ; outer surface dull green changing to brown before the 

 leaf falls, grooved along the middle. Fruit egg-shaped, f in. long, brown the 

 first year, ripening to a dark purple the second ; one-seeded. 



Native of the Himalaya ; introduced in 1830. A graceful tree and distinct, 

 its value in gardens is decreased by the dull colour of the foliage, giving very 

 frequently the impression of bad health. Male and female flowers occur on 

 the same tree. It has lived out-of-doors at Kew for many years, but requires 

 the warmer, moister conditions of such places as Cornwall to show it at 

 its best. 



J. RIGID A, Siebold. 



A tree sometimes 20 ft. or more high, of eleg-ant form, the branches being 

 pendulous at the ends ; young shoots smooth, triangular. Leaves triangular 

 in section, always needle-like and very slender, \ to f in. long, and produced 

 in spreading whorls of threes ; very sharply pointed. The upper surface is 

 deeply grooved and has one glaucous band of stomatic lines along the middle ; 

 elsewhere the leaf is bright green. Fruit \ in. or more wide, at first broadly 

 conical, then globose, dark brown, ripening the second year. Seeds one to 

 three in each berry. 



Native of Japan ; introduced by John Gould Veitch in 1861. It thrives 

 very well in the southern counties of England, making a small, broadly 

 pyramidal shrub or small tree, but is not very common. Most closely allied 

 to J. communis, it is still very distinct in its narrower, longer leaves grooved 

 along the upper side, and thinner, more elegant habit. (Fig. p. 675.) 



