ILLUSTRATED TERMS. 3 



also called Lateral Buds because they appear on the sides of 

 the stem or branches. 



Naked Buds are those that are without coverings or scales. 



Scaly Buds are protected by scales. 



Latent Buds are those that commonly lie hidden and 

 dormant until some circumstance causes them to grow. 



Adventitious Buds usually appear without any order and 

 in unexpected places. In their development they often serve 

 to replace some part of the tree that has been injured. 



Suckers are ascending branches which arise from subter- 

 raneous parts of the stem. Adventitious shoots are also some- 

 times called suckers. 



Thorns are slender, sharp-pointed, modified branches which 

 are useful to protect a tree from the ravages of small animals. 



Leaves are the digestive organs of a tree and assimilate the 

 sap that has been absorbed by the roots into material for sus- 

 taining and building up its tissues. They grow from leaf-buds 

 and may be regarded as appendages of the stem. The differ- 

 ent ways in which they are arranged upon the branches are: 



Alternate when they are borne singly at the nodes. 

 (Fig. i.) 



Opposite when two grow at each node of the stem and have 

 its semi-circle between them. (Fig. 2.) 



Whorled when they grow in a circle about the stem. 

 (Fig. 3.) 



The parts of a leaf are its Blade, the broad or expanded 

 portion which is a fibrous network of veins supporting the 

 green pulp or soft cellular tissue ; the individual stalk upon 

 which the blade is raised, called the Petiole ; and the Stip- 

 ules, or a pair of usually flat bodies, often blade-like, at the 

 base of the petiole. (Fig. 4.) These latter are often inconspic- 

 uous or absent. All parts of the leaf are covered by a thin 

 and transparent epidermis. 



The main branches of the leaf's framework are called the 

 Ribs or Veins : and the midrib or midvein is the middle one 



