TREES GROWING IN RICH SOIL. 163 



WILD PLUM. (Plate LXXXII.) 

 Primus subcordata. 



FAMILY SHAPE HEIGHT RANGE TIME OF BLOOM 



Plum. Branches, 10-25 feet. Oregon and California. March, April, 



horizontal. Fruit: A ug., Sept. 



Bark: greyish brown; rough. Branchlets : bright red and marked with 

 pale lenticels. Leaves: simple; alternate, petioled ; broadly-ovate, bluntly 

 pointed at the apex and slightly cordate or squared at the base ; sharply and 

 singly or doubly serrate; dark green and glabrous above only slightly pubes- 

 cent underneath at maturity. Flowers : growing in nearly sessile umbels and 

 appearing before the leaves. Calyx: campanulate, with five pubescent lobes. 

 Corolla: with five white, rounded petals. Fruit: dark bluish, red or yellow; 

 somewhat acrid but pleasantly flavoured. 



About the autumn colours in Oregon, Mr. E. W. Hammond 

 writes : " The wild plum sometimes becomes a small tree, but 

 is seen generally as a small shrub three, four or five feet in 

 height. It often sets the whole country-side ablaze in the 

 autumn with the abundance of its scarlet and crimson colours, 

 mingled, of course, with red and yellow, and garnished with a 

 sprinkling of green." 



In bloom it is also a gay sight, as are all of its kindred when 

 their showers of delicate, flake-like petals alight. In fading 

 those of the wild plum turn to pale pink, and almost before the 

 earth can have accustomed itself to their presence they steadily 

 fall. 



The tree or shrub is full of vigour and yields in cultivation 

 an abundance of fruit. Upon it several European species of 

 plums have been grafted with excellent results. West of the 

 Sierra Nevada mountains in California and Oregon, where 

 Prunus subcordata is well known, its fruit is yearly sought and 

 made into delicious jellies and jams. 



HAWTHORN. SCARLET THORN. RED HAW. 



(Plate LXXXIII.) 

 Cratagus coccinta. 



FAMILY 8HAPE HEJGHT RANGE TIME OF BLOOM 



Apple. Spreading: branches, 10-30 feet. New Foundland west- May. 



crooked. ward, southward to Fruit : Sept, 



Florida. 



Bark: brown or ash. colour; broken in thin plates. Branchlett : silver- 

 green; glimmering. Thorns: one to two inches long; curved. Leaves: 



