TREES GROWING IN RICH SOIL. 



169 



and scarlet foliage falls away in the autumn its branches are 

 seen to be covered with showy fruit. That they are dotted 

 with white and the smaller foliage, are marks by which this one 

 of the hawthorns may be known from other members of its 

 family. 



COCKSPUR THORN. NEWCASTLE THORN. 



(Plate LXXX VI.) 

 Cratagus Crus-Gdlli. 



Bark: reddish brown or ash colour; scaly. Thorns: numerous; two or 

 four inches long; smooth; slender; straight. Leaves: simple; alternate; 

 obovate, or lanceolate; slightly pointed or rounded at the apex and tapering 

 into a very short leaf-stalk at the base ; very variable in width ; unevenly and 

 sharply serrate above the middle ; entire below ; thick ; dark green ; lustrous 

 and glabrous above, dull underneath. Flowers : numerous ; white ; fragrant ; 

 growing in corymbs from short, lateral branches and appearing after the leaves. 

 Fruit : red ; dull ; globular, or slightly pear-shaped. 



Both in Europe and America this small 

 tree is very generally cultivated. It is 

 the favourite of the family for hedge 

 planting, when its compact, thick manner 

 of growth and comparatively low height 

 show to great advantage. An added 

 charm about it is that its bright, firm fruit 

 remains on the branches over the winter. 

 Birds do not devour it; nor do fungal 

 diseases trouble the foliage. The tree 

 has ever a fresh, invigourating aspect, 

 leaves turn to dull orange or scarlet. 



Crataegus Crus-Gdlli. 



In the autumn the 



