Picea 



*359 



produced in the Vosges Mountains, but now, according to Fluckiger and H anbury, 1 

 mainly in Finland, the Black Forest, Austria, and Switzerland. Fluckiger 

 states that at Oppenau, in Baden, the principal place of its manufacture in Germany, 

 it is mixed with French turpentine from Bordeaux and with rosin from N. America ; 

 and the tapping of the trees in Government forests in Baden and Wurttemburg is 

 now prohibited on account of the injury caused thereby to the timber. It is very 

 generally adulterated in England, and is mainly used as an ingredient in plaisters. 1 



(H. J. E.) 



PICEA OBOVATA, Siberian Spruce 



Picea obovata, Ledebour, Fl. Alt. iii. t. 499, iv. p. 201 (1833); Trautvetter, in Middendorf, Reise, i. 



pt. ii. 87, 170 (1847); Maximowicz, Prim. Fl. Amur. 261 (1859); Regel, Tent. Fl. Ussur. 137 



(1861); Herder, in Bot. Jahrb. xiv. 160 (1891); Willkomm, Forstliche Flora, 93 (1887); 



Kent, Veitch's Man. Conif. 441 (1900); Komarov, Fl. Mansh. i. 197 (1901); Clinton-Baker, 



Illust. Conif. ii. 42 (1909). 

 Picea vulgaris, Link, var. altaica, Teplouchoff, in Bull. Soc. Nat. Mosc. xli. pt. ii. 250 (1869). 

 Picea excelsa, Link, var. obovata, Schroter, in Viertelj. Naturf. Ges. Zurich, xliii. 138 (1898). 

 Pinus Abies, Pallas, Fl. Ross. i. 6 (1784) (not Linnaeus). 

 Pinus obovata, Antoine, Conif. 96 (1840-1847). 



Pinus orientalis, Ledebour, Fl. Ross. iii. 671 (in part) (1847-1849) (not Linnaeus). 

 Abies obovata, Don, ex Loudon, Arb. et Frut. Brit. iv. 2329 (1838). 



A tree, attaining in Russia and Siberia the dimensions of P. excelsa, which it 

 resembles in habit of growth and in bark. Young branchlets reddish brown, covered 

 with a dense minute pubescence, which is retained for several years, the older 

 branchlets becoming greyish yellow. Buds, about \ in. long, conic, composed of 

 closely appressed scales, rounded at their apices ; terminal bud girt with a ring of 

 keeled acuminate ciliate scales, and closely surrounded at the base by the uppermost 

 leaves. Leaves, arranged as in P. excelsa, deep green in colour, to in. long, ending 

 in a short point, quadrangular in section, with three to four stomatic lines on 

 each side. 



Cones 2\ to 3^ in. long, \\ to i^- in. in diameter when open, shining brown 

 when ripe ; scales numerous, thin, tough, flexible, longer than broad, fa to -^ in. 

 wide, and tV to A m - l n g> fan-shaped, widest near the upper edge, tapering to the 

 base on each side ; upper margin thin, undulate, rounded or with a slightly projecting 

 occasionally bifid apex ; exposed part pale brown, glabrous ; concealed part reddish 

 brown, minutely pubescent ; flat or slightly concave internally from side to side ; 

 bract \ in. long, lanceolate, narrowing to an acute denticulate apex. Seed \ in., 

 brownish black ; seed with narrow wing f to f in. long, broadest near the rounded 

 denticulate apex. 



The description of P. obovata given above is drawn up from specimens procured 

 from Siberia, and from Perm in Russia, by Mr. H. Clinton-Baker, from specimens 

 collected in Finland by Mr. M. P. Price, and from specimens which I gathered in 



1 Pharmacographia, 616 (1879). 

 VI E 



