Juniperus 1421 



with three grooves separating the decurrent pulvini of the leaves. Leaves all 

 acicular, densely imbricated in whorls of threes, appressed or slightly spreading, 

 decurrent on the branchlets, broader and shorter than in J. recurva, the free part 

 in. long and -fe in. wide, curved, gradually tapering to an acute apex, which is 

 tipped with a sharp cartilaginous point ; ventral surface concave, whitened, usually 

 with a faint or obsolete midrib ; dorsal surface convex, green, with a median furrow 

 extending from the base to near the apex. Older branchlets stout, reddish brown, 

 covered with persistent reddish brown acicular leaves. 



Fruit ellipsoid, reddish brown at first, turning black when ripe in the second 

 year, smaller and of a different shape from that of J. recurva, about \ to \ in. long, 

 somewhat less in diameter, composed of three or six scales, each with a triangular 

 mucro, umbilicate at the apex. Seed solitary, ovoid, broadest above the base, and 

 tapering to an apiculate apex, nearly filling the cavity of the fruit, with about four 

 ridges running from base to apex, and three or four depressions below the middle 

 for resin-glands. 



J. squamata, differs mainly from /. recurva in habit and in having stouter 

 broader needles ; but it is readily distinguishable, and has a much wider distribution. 

 It varies considerably in the colour of the leaves, and appears occasionally to 

 become an erect instead of a prostrate shrub. 



It occurs in Afghanistan, the Himalayas, and the mountains of China and 

 Formosa. It grows at a high elevation in the Himalayas, being most common in 

 the north-west ; but is also found in Sikkim, where Gammie states that it attains 

 15,000 ft. altitude. Brandis describes it as a gregarious shrub, often covering 

 large areas, either pure or mixed with J. communis, with decumbent stems, 

 at times six inches in diameter, running over the ground and giving off 

 numerous short branches, which make it very difficult to traverse such 

 thickets. 



It is also found at high elevations in China, in the provinces of Hupeh, 

 Szechwan, and Yunnan. In Hupeh, where I saw it in 1888, it is a shrub about 

 a foot high, usually growing on rocky ground, and spreading over the surface to a 

 radius of six feet or more. It resembles in habit the dwarf form of J. communis, 

 but is readily distinguished by its broader shorter leaves and one-seeded berries. 

 J. squamata grows in Formosa on Mt. Morrison, near the summit at 13,200 ft. 

 altitude. 



J. squamata was introduced 1 into England about 1836, and is occa- 

 sionally cultivated in rockeries, being known occasionally as J. pseudosabina 2 

 J. densa, etc. 



In its typical form, it has leaves of a pure green tint, which are occasionally 

 nearly as long as those of J. procumbent, Siebold. There are specimens at Kew, 

 Bicton, Bayfordbury, and Glasnevin. 



The following is probably a variety of J. squamata ; but in the absence of fruit 

 I hesitate to assign it to that species : 



1 Gordon, in Loudon, Gard. Mag. xvi. 10 (1840), states that it was raised in the Chiswick Garden from Indian seed sent 

 three or four years previous to 1840. 



2 J. pseudosabina, Fischer and Meyer, is a Turkestan shrub. Cf. p. 1423, note I. 



