PAULOWNIA 



Paulownia} Siebold and Zuccarini, Fl. Jap. i. 25 (1835); Bentham et Hooker, Gen. PI. ii. 939 

 (1876); Dode, in Bull. Soc. Dend. France, 1908, p. 159; Schneider, Laubholzkunde, ii. 618 

 (1911). 



Deciduous trees belonging to the order Scrophulariaceae. Branchlets with 

 chambered pith, showing in winter large oval raised opposite leaf-scars. Buds 

 axillary, no true terminal bud being formed, minute, covered with two or four 

 pubescent scales. Leaves simple, opposite in decussate pairs, stalked, ovate, 

 cordate. 



Flowers in large terminal erect panicles, opening in spring before the leaves ; 

 calyx five-cleft, campanulate, persistent at the base of the fruit ; corolla gamopetal- 

 ous, inserted on the base of the calyx, with a long slightly curved tube, and five 

 spreading lobes, the three lower lobes longer than the two upper lobes ; stamens 

 four, affixed to the tube of the corolla, didynamous, included, with divaricate anther- 

 sacs ; ovary superior, two-celled, with numerous ovules ; style one, slender, slightly 

 thickened towards the summit, stigmatic on the inner side. Fruit, ripening in one 

 year, a two-celled woody or coriaceous capsule, ovoid, loculicidally dehiscent by two 

 valves ; placentae two, ovate, compressed ; seeds numerous, minute, oblong, sur- 

 rounded by a broad translucent striated wing. 



Two species of Paulownia 2 have been clearly distinguished, one of which, little 

 known and not in cultivation in England, may be here briefly described. 



I. Paulownia Fortunei, Hemsley, mjourn. Linn. Soc. (Bot.) xxvi. 180 (1890). 



Leaves narrowly oval, longer and more acumjnate than in P. tomentosa, covered 

 beneath with a dense whitish tomentum. Flowers longer and relatively narrower 

 than in P. tomentosa ; calyx-lobes deltoid, obtuse, usually brown tomentose through- 

 out, occasionally glabrescent except on the borders. Fruit, 3 to 3^ in. long, narrowly 

 ovoid ; seeds \ in. long, much larger than those of P. tomentosa. 



1 Named after Anna Paulowna, Queen of the Netherlands. 



2 Hayata, in Bull. Congris Intcrnat. Bot. Bruxelles, 41, pi. 24 (1910), and m fount. Coll. Sci. Tokyo, xxx. 209 (1911), 

 mentions a possible new species in Formosa. Elwes saw this in 191 2 at a village near Horisha in Central Formosa; but it 

 was not in leaf. There is also a supposed new species from Western China, raised at the Arnold Arboretum from seed sent 

 by E. H. Wilson. It is in cultivation at Kew and Aldenham ; but the young plants cannot at present be distinguished 

 from P. tomentosa. Cf. Card. Chron. xlviii. 275, fig. 116 (1910). A. H. 



I raised seedlings from Mr. Wilson's seeds, No. 769, collected in his journey of 1908 in Western China, which appear at 

 three years old to be hardier and more rapid in growth than those which I have raised from the common species. The seed- 

 lings of the latter were killed to the ground for three years after planting out ; whilst the West China form is now, at three 

 years old, 14 ft. high, of which 10 ft. is the growth of 191 1. This form seems likely to be a most ornamental tree even in 

 cold parts of England ; but must be planted in warm sheltered places where its immense juvenile leaves, measuring 21 in. by 

 23 in., will not be torn by wind. H. J. E. 



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