1588 The Trees of Great Britain and Ireland 



and 62 ft. high by over 6 ft. girth, which were planted in 1820. At Barton, Suffolk, 

 a tree over 70 ft. high in 1904, when it appeared to be dying at the top, was planted 

 in 1826. This tree was not injured by the severe winter of 1860-1861. 



At Westonbirt a tree, 62 ft. by 5 ft. 9 in. in 1906, had been split nearly to the 

 ground, but had been so well repaired by hoops round the trunk, that the two parts 

 were growing together. At Chatsworth, Mr. A. B. Jackson measured in 1908 a tree 

 50 ft. by 4 ft. 6 in. At Essendon Place, Herts, there is a very narrow slender tree, 

 which Henry found to be 56 ft. high by 3 ft. 4 in. in girth in 1907. At Merton Hall, 

 Norfolk, a tree, which was raised from seed in 1862, measured 50 ft. by 4 ft. 4 in. in 

 1908. At Nuneham Park, Oxon, there is a tree which was 40 ft. by 4 ft. in 1907. 

 At Fawley Court, Henley, a fine specimen was 40 ft. by 5^ ft. in the same year. 



In Scotland, the finest tree we have heard of is one recorded by Hunter 1 as 

 growing in the American garden at Dunkeld, which measured 40 ft. by 3 ft. 4 in. 

 in 1883 ; but I did not see it when I visited this place in 1906. At Biel, East 

 Lothian, I saw a healthy tree about 30 ft. by 5 ft. in 191 1. 



In Ireland probably the tallest tree is one at Curraghmore, which Henry found 

 to be 60 ft. by 4 ft. 6 in. in 1907. At Narrow Water Castle, Co. Down, Captain 

 Hall informed us in 1907, that there was a remarkable tree, 41 ft. by 5^ ft. This 

 had not grown in height for some years past, owing to the top catching the wind, 

 but it increased enormously below ; and the branches, widely spreading and reaching 

 the ground, now cover an area 192 ft. in circumference. 



The tallest tree in Europe, if correctly measured, is probably one at Schloss 

 Dyck, near Dusseldorf, in Germany, which was reported 2 in 1904 to be 30 metres 

 in height and 2.12 metres in girth. 



The wood of this tree resembles that of M. grandiflora ; but, judging from 

 Hough's specimen, is rather darker in colour, and even more like the wood of Lirio- 

 dendron. Hough says that it is largely used for doors and wainscots, and for bowls, 

 troughs, and wooden ware ; but I have never seen this wood in England, or heard of 

 its being imported under its own name. (H. J. E.) 



MAGNOLIA TRIPETALA,' Umbrella Tree 



Magnolia tripetala, Linnaeus, Syst. ii. 1082 (1759); Loudon, Arb. et Frut. Brit. i. 269 (1838); 



Sargent, Silva N. Amer. i. 13, tt. 9, 10 (1890), and Trees N. Amer. 321 (1905). 

 Magnolia umbrella, Lamarck, Encycl. iii. 673 (1789). 

 Magnolia frondosa, Salisbury, Prod. 379 (1796). 



A deciduous tree, attaining in America 30 to 40 ft. in height and 5 ft. in girth. 

 Young branchlets glabrous. Leaves, variable in size, usually 12 to 20 in. long 

 and 6 to 8 in. broad, obovate-oblong, tapering towards the base and apex, the latter 

 ending in an acuminate point ; upper surface green, glabrous ; lower surface pale, 

 with a scattered minute pubescence, densest on the midrib and nerves. In winter, 



1 Woods 0/ Perthshire, 52 (1883). An old tree at Blair, near Dairy, Ayrshire, is said by the gardener to flower annually 

 and to have been 45 ft. high in July 1912. 2 Milt. Deut. Dend. Ges. 1904, p. 19. 



