159 The Trees of Great Britain and Ireland 



MAGNOLIA FRASERI 



Magnolia Fraseri, Walter, Fl. Carol. 159 (1788) ; Sargent, Silva N. /inter, i. 15, tt. 11, 12 (1890), 



and Trees N. Amer. 322 (1905). 

 Magnolia auriculata, Lamarck, Ency. iii. 645 (1789); Loudon, Arb. et Frut. Brit. i. 276 (1838). 

 Magnolia auricularis, Salisbury, Farad. Lond. i. t. 43 (1806). 



A tree, attaining in America 40 ft. in height and 4 ft. in girth, often dividing 

 near the base into diverging stems. Young branches glabrous. Leaves 8 to 12 in. 

 long, 5 to 6 in. wide, obovate, acute at the apex, deeply cordate and auricled at the 

 base ; both surfaces and petiole glabrous ; pale beneath. 



Flowers on stout glabrous glaucous stalks, opening after the leaves, cream-white, 

 sweet-scented, 6 to 9 in. across ; sepals quickly deciduous ; petals six or nine, obovate, 

 acuminate, membranous, contracted below the middle. Fruit glabrous, pink, 4 to 5 

 in. long, the ripe carpels ending in long subulate persistent tips. 



1. Var. pyramidata, Nuttall, Gen. N. Amer. Plants, ii. 18 (1818). 



Sargent, Trees and Shrubs, iii. 101 (1903), and Trees N. Amer. 323 (1905). 







Magnolia pyramidata, Pursh, Fl. Amer. Sept. ii. 382 (18 14) ; Edwards, in Bot. Reg. t. 407 (181 9) ; 





Flowers much smaller than in the type, 3 to 4 in. across. Fruit, 2 to 2^ in. 

 long, the ripe carpels ending in short incurved persistent tips. 



This variety occurs in rich alluvial soil in the coast region from southern 

 Georgia through western Florida to southern Alabama. It was introduced into 

 Loddiges' nursery by Lyon in 1818. 



M. Fraseri is a native of the southern Alleghany Mountains, from south- 

 western Virginia to northern Georgia and Alabama, eastern Tennessee, and 

 northern Mississippi ; most abundant and of its largest size on the upper waters of 

 the Savannah River in South Carolina. The typical form is a native of mountain 

 valleys. 



M. Fraseri was introduced into England in 1786; and seems to be very un- 

 common. A tree at Kew, which belongs to var. pyramidata, is about 20 feet high ; 

 and produces small flowers freely from the middle of May to the end of June, which 

 are almost yellow at the time of opening, becoming a rich cream colour as they fade. 

 At Leonardslee, 1 it succeeds in a sheltered position. (A. H.) 



MAGNOLIA CAMPBELLI 



Magnolia Campbelli, J. D. Hooker and Thomson, in J. D. Hooker, Must. Him. Plants, tt. 4, 5, 

 ( l8 55); J- D. Hooker, Fl. Brit. India, i. 41 (1872), and in Bot. Mag. t. 6793 (1885); King, 

 in Ann. Bot. Gard. Calcutta, iii. pt. 2, p. 208, tt. 51, 52 (1891); Gamble, Indian Timbers, 9 

 (1902). 



A large deciduous tree, attaining occasionally in the Himalayas 150 ft. in 

 height, and 12 to 20 ft. in girth. Young branchlets glabrous, glaucous. Leaves 



1 Gard. CAron. xli. 223 (1907). 



