1684 The Trees of Great Britain and Ireland 



seed sent by Shirasawa in the spring of 1905. These are 3 to 5 ft. in height, and 

 differ from adult trees in having only traces of stellate pubescence on the leaves and 

 branchlets. (A. H.) 



TILIA MIQUELIANA 



Tilia Miqueliana? Maximowicz, in Bull. Acad. Imp. Sc. St. Petersb. xxvi. 434 (1877), and Mil. Biol. 



x. 587 (1880); Shirasawa, Icon. Ess. Forest. Japon, i. text 116, t. 72, figs. 11-24 ( I 9)i an d 



in Bull. Coll. Agric. Univ. Tokyo, iv. 160 (1900); Schneider, Laubholzkunde, ii. 385 (1909); 



V. Engler, Monog. Gait. Tilia, ill (1909). 

 Tilia mandshurica, Miquel, Prol. 206 (1867) (not Ruprecht and Maximowicz); Franchet et Savatier, 



Enum. PI. Jap. i. 67 (1875). 

 Tilia Kinashii, Leveille and Vaniot, in Bull. Soc. Bot. France, li. 422 (1904). 

 Tilia Franchetiana, Schneider, in Fedde, Repert. vii. 201 (1909), and Laubholzkunde, ii. 386 (1909). 



A tree, attaining in Japan about 40 ft. in height. Bark on young trees grey, 

 smooth ; on old trunks fissured longitudinally. Young branchlets with a minute 

 grey stellate pubescence, very variable in amount. Leaves (Plate 407, Fig. 9) 

 extremely variable in shape, but usually much longer than broad, averaging 3 to 

 4 in. in length and 2 to 2\ in. broad, ovate or deltoid ; cordate at the base ; acute, 

 slightly acuminate or rounded, but rarely cuspidate at the apex ; often lobulate and 

 coarsely, irregularly, and sharply serrate, the teeth ending in incurved short callous 

 points ; upper surface shining green, with scattered slight pubescence, mostly on the 

 nerves and at the base of the midrib ; lower surface covered with a grey stellate 

 tomentum, without axil-tufts ; petiole short, less than half the length of the blade, 

 with minute stellate pubescence. Buds grey tomentose. 



Flowers, ten to twenty-two in a cyme ; bract, peduncle, pedicels, and bracteoles 

 tomentose ; sepals ovate, acute, tomentose on both surfaces, shorter than the narrow 

 obovate petals ; stamens sixty to seventy-five, united in five clusters ; staminodes 

 more slender and shorter than the petals ; ovary and base of the style covered with 

 pale hairs. Fruit nearly globose, five-ribbed at the base, grey tomentose and warty. 



This species is unknown in the wild state, and only occurs in Japan as a 

 planted tree, most often seen in the courts of Buddhist temples, where it is regarded 

 as sacred. It is reported by tradition to have been introduced from China by a 

 Buddhist priest about the year 1 190 a.d. ; but it has not yet been found anywhere in 

 that country. 2 Its extreme variability points to a hybrid origin. The species was 

 founded by Maximowicz on two specimens, which he regarded as two forms : one 

 with ovate-orbicular oblique leaves, long slender cymes, and broad bracts about 4 in. 

 in length ; the other with remarkably deltoid nearly symmetrical leaves, short cymes, 

 and narrow bracts about z\ in. long. It is impossible, however, following the 

 opinions of Schneider and V. Engler, to retain those two forms as two distinct 



1 The tree described and figured under this name by Sargent, in Garden and Forest, vi. Ill, fig. 19 (1893), and Forest 

 Flora Japan, 19, t. 8 (1894), is T. Maximowicziana. 



i Tilia Miqueliana, var. chinensis, Szyszylowicz, in Hooker, Icon. Plant, ad t. 1927 (1890), collected by me in Unpen in 

 central China, is referred by V. Engler, Monog. Gatt. Tilia, 130 (1909), to T. chinensis, Maximowicz, in Act. Hort. Petrop. 

 xi. 83 (1890), a plant collected in Kansu. The Kansu and Hupeh plants do not seem to be quite identical ; but neither can 

 be considered the same as the Japanese T. Miqueliana. They have not been introduced into cultivation. 



