1 868 The Trees of Great Britain and Ireland 



Var. crispa aurea, Schelle, Laubholz-Benennung, 86 (1903), is a form of the 

 preceding, with yellowish leaves. 



7. Var. libro rubro, 1 Planchon, in De Candolle, Prod. xvii. 160 (1873). 



Inner bark of the young branchlets deep red in colour. A tree of this at Kew, 

 about 20 ft. high, was obtained from Van Houtte in 1871. It appears to differ in no 

 respect from the type, except in the colour of the inner bark. This variety is said 

 by Loudon 2 to have been found by M. de Vilmorin in a wood near Verrieres some 

 time before 1840. Loudon explains that it was propagated by grafting, and was 

 not a local peculiarity arising from something in the soil, as in the case of the blue 

 flowers of Hydrangea. 



8. Var. nana, Simon-Louis, Cat. 1869, p. 98. 



A shrub, attaining about 6 ft. in height, with wide-spreading horizontal branches, 

 stunted branchlets, and small leaves. This variety, the origin of which is unknown, 

 forms at Kew a peculiar slow-growing hemispherical bush, which has not increased 

 appreciably in size for many years. 3 



9. Var. atropurpurea, Spath, Cat. No. 57, p. 4 (1883- 1884). 



Leaves dark purple and folded. This was raised from seed in Spath's nursery ; 

 but is very similar to or perhaps identical with U. purpurea, Koch, Dend. ii. pt. i. 

 416 (1872), of which there was a fine specimen growing in front of Petzold's house 

 at Muskau. 



10. Var. lutescens, Schelle, Laubholz-Benennung, 86 (1903). 



Leaves of a beautiful yellow colour. I saw a fine specimen in the Calmpthout 

 Nursery, Belgium, where it was cultivated under the name U. americana aurea. 

 Loudon 4 states that in Mr. Jessop's garden at Derby he found a variety, the leaves 

 of which were of a fine yellow colour at the time of expanding in May. This tree 

 was planted by Pontey, and known as the gallows elm, because the original tree grew 

 near a gallows at York. 



Hybrids 



U. tnontana is one of the parents in the following hybrids : 



1. U. vegeta, Huntingdon elm. See p. 1879. 



2. U. major, Dutch elm. See p. 1883. 



3. Ulmus Smithii, Henry. Downton elm. 



Ulmus montana, var. Smithii, Hort. Kew. 



Ulmus pendula, W. Masters, Hortus Duroverni, 66 (1831) (not Willdenow). 



Ulmus glabra, var. pendula, Loudon, Arb. et Frut. Brit, iii. 1405 (1838). 



A tree with ascending branches, and long pendulous branchlets. Young branch- 

 lets stout, more or less pubescent with long hairs. Leaves (Plate 412, Fig. 24) firm 

 in texture, oval, about 3! in. long and if in. wide, very unequal at the base, long 



1 U. campcstris rubra, Simon-Louis, Cat. p. 97 (1869), from the description is identical with this variety, which appears 

 in more recent catalogues under the name given above. 



a Derby Arboretum, 52 (1840). Loudon, op. cit. 51, states that a similar variety of" the white mulberry, Mortis alba, 

 var. Morettiana, was then cultivated in the Jardin des Plantes at Paris ; "the soft wood or cambium of the current year's shoot 

 was of a deep red." 



8 Cf. Woods and Forests, 1884, p. 482, where an account of this remarkable bush at Kew is given. It may have originated 

 from a witches' broom. * Card. Mag. xv. 449 (1839). 



