Ulmus I $79 



previously. The rings showed the age of the trees to be about 300 years, and there 

 had been practically no growth during the last ten years of their life. Neither the 

 plate in Strutt nor the photograph in Ann. Anderson. Nat. Soc. ii. pt. i, frontispiece 

 (1896), show the habit of the wych elm, and I should have supposed these to be 

 English elms except that they produced seed freely every year, even in old age. 



Mr. Renwick sends us a list of wych elms, the most remarkable of which are : 

 a hollow tree at Tullichewan Castle, Dumbartonshire, 20 ft. in girth at 2 ft. 5 in. 

 from the ground, the stem being partly covered by burrs ; at Woodbank, two trees, 

 105 ft. by 15 ft. and 100 ft. by 16 ft. 2 in., in 1910; at Strathleven, a tree 90 ft. by 

 16 ft. 10 in. in 191 1 ; at Ancrum Park, Roxburghshire, a tree, 18 ft. 1 in. in 1893; 

 at Newbattle Abbey, a tree 16 ft. 5 in. in 1896. 



In Ireland, U. montana is common in the wild state, and is the only species that 

 occurs in rocky and hilly situations in Donegal and Kerry. We have not seen any 

 trees equalling in size those in England or Scotland, the finest specimen probably 

 being one at Charleville, Co. Wicklow, which was 90 ft. high by 17 ft. 4 in. in girth 

 in 1904. In a meadow by the river at Inistioge, Co. Kilkenny, there are two good 

 wych elms, the larger measuring 90 ft. by 14 ft. 11 in. in 1904. At Adare Manor, 

 Limerick, a tree, which had been damaged by a severe gale a short time previously, 

 was 1 14 ft. by 15^ ft. in the same year. 



The largest elm ever known in Ireland was probably one recorded by Hayes, 1 

 who considered it to be perhaps the finest tree of its species in the world. It grew 

 at St. Wolstans, Co. Kildare, and was supposed to have been planted before the 

 dissolution of the monastery in 1538. It lost two great limbs in 1762, and was blown 

 down in the winter of 1776. Some time before this, the trunk had been carefully 

 measured and was found to be 38 ft. 6 in. in circumference. 



Hayes 2 quotes, as showing the extraordinary vigour of the elm in Ireland, a 

 statement given him by Mr. Herbert of Cahirnane, near Killarney : Six " wyche 

 or native Irish" elms, that were produced by layers from the stool of a tree felled in 

 1 766, measured after twenty-six years' growth, from 3 ft. 11 in. to 5 ft. 1 in. in girth 

 at 5 feet from the ground. 



Timber, cf. p. 1922. (H. J. E.) 



ULMUS VEGETA, Huntingdon Elm, Chichester Elm 



Ulmus vegela, 3 Lindley, in Donn, Hort. Cantab. 96 (1826); Ley, mjourn. Bot. xlviii. 68 (1910). 

 Ulmus glabra, Miller, var. vegeta, Loudon, Arb. et Frut. Brit. iii. 1404 (1838). 

 Ulmus americana, W. Masters, Hortus Duroverni, 130 (1831) (not Linnaeus). 



A tree, attaining about 100 ft. in height and 15 ft. in girth, with a straight bole 

 and long ascending straight branches. Bark similar to that of U. montana. Young 

 branchlets stout, with a few scattered hairs, glabrous and occasionally striated in the 



1 Practical Treatise on Planting, 135 (1794). 2 Ibid. 162 (1794). 



3 There is no doubt that Lindley meant by this name the Huntingdon elm, although he erroneously gave its habitat as 

 North America, relying on Masters, nurseryman at Canterbury, who called it the American elm, a name by which it is still 

 known in some nurseries. 



