1892 The Trees of Great Britain and Ireland 



the terrace at Richmond, overlooking the Thames, which is over 90 ft. in height 



(Plate 398). 



In Messrs. Rogers' nursery at Southampton, large numbers of this elm are 

 propagated ; and I noticed that the grafts have rough leaves at first, and do not 

 produce the typical smooth leaves until they are older. Trees of this variety 

 retain their leaves till late in the season ; and at Colesborne, colour well in the 

 autumn. In the Isle of Wight, there are many trees of this type, and an avenue of 

 small ones at Barton Farm, Osborne. 



At Stowe, near Buckingham, there are some fine trees of this variety, here 

 called Jersey elm, which produce many suckers. The best that I measured was 



85 ft. by 8 ft. 2 in. in 1905. At Merton Hall, Norfolk, Henry measured a fine tree, 



86 ft. by 8 ft. 10 in.; and there is a good specimen in Sir Hugh Beevor's grounds at 

 Hargham. 



At Monreith, Sir Herbert Maxwell has a number, which are called South- 

 ampton elms. These are from 52 to 57 ft. high, fifty-six years after planting, and 

 are nearly as tall as some English elms planted about 100 years ago. These trees, 

 however, are not so well-shaped as in the south of England, and looked as if the 

 climate was too damp for them. In Queen's Park, Glasgow, there are twenty 

 Wheatley elms, which were planted about 1859 ; they are 46 to 61 ft. in height, and 

 average 6 ft. in girth. (H. J. E.) 



4. Var. italica, Henry (var. nova). Mediterranean Elm. 



Leaves (Plate 411, Fig. 9) coriaceous, similar to those of U. nitens in shape and 

 size, mainly differing in the numerous lateral nerves, which are never less than 

 fourteen pairs, and often as many as eighteen pairs. Branchlets and samarae as 

 in the type. This variety usually has leaves smooth and glabrous above, and 

 glabrescent beneath in autumn, with conspicuous axil-tufts ; petiole \ in. long, 

 pubescent. 



This elm appears to be common in Italy, Spain, and Portugal, and also in 

 Algeria. I observed it wild on Montserrat and in the Guadarrama mountains in 

 Spain, where at 3000 to 4000 ft. elevation it attains a height of 70 to 80 ft. Dr. 

 Henriquez sent to Kew on loan a specimen of this elm from Coimbra, in Portugal. 



The small elms on which the vines are trained in Italy, north of the Apennines 

 from Parma to Ravenna, are probably a form of U. nitens ; but as these trees are 

 lopped annually and kept low in stature, their leaves are irregular in size, have 

 usually few nerves, and show a varying amount of roughness and pubescence on 

 different individuals. Near Parma these elms produced good seed in 191 1, from 

 which I raised seedlings at Cambridge. 



In the courtyard of the Villa Paveri-Fontana at Collecchio, near Parma, there 

 is a remarkable old elm of this variety, about 60 ft. high, with a short, very burry, 

 and rugged bole, 20 ft. in girth, and dividing above into three or four stems. 

 Between Turin and the ancient royal palace at Stupinigi there is an avenue of 

 elms, about six miles long, which was planted in 1781. Prof. Mattivoli, who kindly 

 sent me specimens, tells me that the trees have been badly lopped during the last 

 fifty years, and are not so large or so old as those in the gardens of the palace. The 



