1926 The Trees of Great Britain and Ireland 



ULMUS PUMILA 



Ulmus pumila, Linnaeus, 1 Sp. PI. 226 (1753); Trautvetter, in Maximowicz, Prim. Fl. Amur. 



248 (1859); Planchon, in De Candolle, Prod. xvii. 159 (1873); Franchet, PL David, i. 268 



(1884). 

 Ulmus pumila, var. transbaicalensis, Pallas, Fl. Ross. i. 77, t. 48, A, B, C, and e (1784). 

 Ulmus humilis, Gmelin, Fl. Sibir. iii. 105 (1768). 

 Ulmus microphylla, Persoon, Syn. i. 291 (1805). 

 Ulmus campestris, var. parvifolia, Loudon, Arb. et Frut. Brit. iii. 1377 (1838) (not U. parvifolia, 



Jacquin). 

 Ulmus campestris, var. pumila, Ledebour, Fl. Ross. iii. 647 (185 1); Maximowicz, in Mil. Biol. ix. 



23 (1872). 



A tree attaining 50 ft. in height in Eastern Asia, but often shrubby. Bark 

 furrowed and scaly, as in U. nitens. Young branchlets slender, clothed with a dense 

 short white pubescence, persistent more or less on the second year's branchlets, which 

 are fissured and finely striate. Buds minute, ovoid, pubescent. Leaves (Plate 411, 

 Fig. 1) membranous and thin in texture, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, about 1 to i| in. 

 long, and \ to f in. broad ; acute or shortly acuminate at the apex ; nearly equal, occa- 

 sionally subcordate, at the base ; upper surface dark green, glabrous or scabrous and 

 minutely pubescent ; lower surface lighter green, with a scattered minute pubes- 

 cence, often conspicuous on the midrib, and with minute often obsolete axil-tufts at 

 the junctions of the midrib and nerves ; nerves about ten pairs, often forked ; margin 

 simply and regularly serrate ; petiole ^ to \ in. long, pubescent. 



Flowers five to six in a fascicle, appearing in spring, on very short pedicels ; 

 tetramerous or pentamerous. Samara orbicular, about -^ in. in diameter, glabrous, 

 non-ciliate, with a deep notch at the apex, usually closed by the overlapping incurved 

 stigmas ; seed in the centre of the samara, with its apex close to the base of the 

 notch. 



Varieties 

 1. Var. pinnato-ramosa, Henry. 



Ulmus pinnato-ramosa, Dieck, ex Spath, Cat. No. 95, p. 113 (1895), and Dieck, Verk. Verzeich. 



Zoscnen, 1897, p. 20; Koehne, in Fedde, Rep. viii. 74 (19 10) and in Mitt. Deut. Dend. 



Ges. 1910, p. 92. 

 Ulmus turkestanica, Regel, in Dieck, Hauptkat. Baumeschul. Zoschen, 1883, p. 36, and in 



Gartenflora, xxxiii. 28 (1884). 



A tree of straggling habit, giving off remarkably long shoots, 2 to 3 ft. in length ; 

 leaves (Plate 411, Fig. 6) ovate-lanceolate, acuminate. 



This elm, which is said to have been introduced by Dieck frcm western Siberia, 



1 Linnaeus founded his species on U. humilis, Gmelin, in Ammanus, Stirp. Ruth. 180 (1739), and on U. pumila, 

 Plukenet, Aim. 393 (1696), the latter being described as an elm in Siberia with small leaves. Litwinow, in SchecUt Herb. 

 Ft. Ross. vi. 166 (1908), states that the specimen of U. humilis, Gmelin, in the St. Petersburg Herbarium, is U. pumila. 

 He has also verified at ?\. Petersburg the type specimens of U. pumila, var. transbaicalensis, Pallas, and of U. microphylla, 

 Persoon. 



