Contents. ix 



material improvement, social freedom, and a progressive 

 civilization; to the welfare and progress of the laboring 

 classes; the factory-system; importance of stipulated 

 incomes; the wages system compared with Nationalism 

 and Socialism; its relation to social reform. 



By PiiOF. George Gunton. 



Education as a Factor in Civilization, . . . 235 



TJie beginnings of education; early methods in Egypt, 

 Persia, China, Greece and Kome ; early Christian ideas of 

 education; Catholic and Protestant views; the common- 

 school system; influence of Comenius, Pestalozzi and 

 Froebel; the kindergarten; manual training; education 

 and crime; the university ; classical and scientific studies; 

 the higher education of women; co-education; the future 

 of our educational system. 



By Miss Caroline B. Le Row. 



Evolution and Social Eeform : /. The Theological 



Method, 257 



Eeligion the formative principle of social growth ; its rela- 

 tion to Socialism; theological morality; influence of Clu-is- 

 tianity on social development; New Testament ideas of 

 marriage and wealth; early Christian Socialism; monasti- 

 cism; influence of the Jews and Mohammedans; the 

 church and industrialism; usury or interest; the church 

 and slavery; alms-giving and pauperism; the effect of 

 preaching on character; repentance, conversion and atone- 

 ment; the religious method the method of personal char- 

 acter. 



By Rev. John W. Chadwick. 



Evolution and Social Eeform : //, The Socialistic 



Method, . 277 



Communism, Socialism and Nationalism; the metliods 

 defined; origin of their modern phases; tendencies of 

 Socialism to militantism; State-socialism; the doctrine 

 of equality of earnings; equality rs. liberty; Mr. Bellamy's 

 theory criticized; Henry George and the "single tax"; 

 the injustice of land-confiscation; relation of land- values 

 to the value of improvements; socialistic schemes arti- 

 ficial, not organic; profit-sharing and voluntary co-op- 

 eration; opportunism. 



By William Potts. 



Evolution and Social Reform : III. The Anarch- 

 istic Method, 803 



Anarchy regarded as a science; its opposition to government 

 by physical force; its methods not revolutionary but 



