Rough-Leaved Hackberry 



355 



2. DOG HACKBERRY Celtis canina Rafinesque 



This tree has a range similar to 

 that of the preceding species, but, 

 as it has not been closely studied, 

 the Hmits of its geographic distri- 

 bution are as yet undetermined. 

 It is known to occur from New 

 York to Illinois and South Dakota, 

 southward to Pennsylvania and 

 Missouri, preferring rich soil, grow- 

 ing in fields and meadows, and at- 

 tains much greater dimensions than 

 the rock-loving species, being some- 

 times at least 30 meters in height. 



The young twigs are green and 

 either smooth or hairy. The leaves 

 are ovate-lanceolate or broadly lan- 

 ceolate, light green, often 12 cm. 

 long (8 to 16 cm.), coarsely toothed, 

 thin and drawn out into long slen- Fig. 312. Dog Hackberry. 



der tips; the upper surface is smooth, except when young, and the rather pale 

 under side is hairy, at least along the veins; the slender leaf-stalks are 2 cm. long 



or less, and about one half as long as the 

 stalk of the fruit. The fruit is oblong, 

 about one half longer than thick, purple, 

 about I cm. long. 



3. ROUGH-LEAVED HACK- 

 BERRY Celtis crassifolia Lamarck 



This is the largest and most elegant 

 species of the genus, sometimes attaining 

 a height of 40 meters and a trunk diame- 

 ter of nearly i meter. It prefers rich soil 

 and reaches its greatest development in 

 river valleys, though it sometimes grows in 

 dry or even rocky situations, when it is 

 small, or even shrub-like. It ranges from 

 Massachusetts (according to Emerson), 



Fig. 313. Rough-leaved Hackberry. _^ ^ . o ^\ n- 



New Jersey, Pennsylvania to South Caro- 

 b'na, westward to Indiana, South Dakota, Tennessee, Kansas, and Colorado. 

 When well developed the trunk is tall and straight, often without branches for 



