Oregon Crab Apple 



435 



round-headed tree; the bark is 8 to lo mm. thick, brown-gray, and broken into 

 small irregular thin flat plates. The twigs are rather stout, densely hairy, light 

 green, becoming reddish or purpHsh brown, 

 finally smooth and dark gray-brown; the 

 winter buds are large, blunt and hairy; the 

 leaves are thick, somewhat fleshy, broadly 

 ovate to oval, 2 to 5 cm. long, blunt or ab- 

 ruptly pointed, rounded or somewhat heart- 

 shaped at the base, margin toothed or nearly 

 entire, dark green, smooth or nearly so above, 

 hairy or woolly beneath; leaf-stalk hairy, as 

 long as the leaf-blade or nearly so. The 

 flowers are white or pinkish, 3 to 8 cm. 

 across, in few-flowered cymes, on stout, 

 woolly pedicels 2 to 5 cm. long; calyx-tube 

 urn-shaped, very woolly, as are its lobes, 

 which are narrowly triangular and sharp- 

 pointed; petals broadly obovate, rounded at 

 the apex and usually entire; styles hairy. 

 The pome is depressed, globular, or rarely 

 elongated, with persistent calyx lobes at the top, 

 hollowed at the base, 2 to 8 cm. in diameter; 

 flesh of wild fruit usually coarse and sour. 



The wood is hard, close-grained, red-brown; its specific gravity is about 0.80. 

 It is used in the manufacture of tools and machinery. As a fruit and ornamental 

 tree it is too well known to require further description; some of the dwarf and 

 double-flowered forms should be more often seen in private grounds and pubHc 

 parks. 



Fig. 381. Apple. 



6. OREGON CRAB APPLE Malus diversifoUa (Bongard) Roemer 

 Pyriis diversifoUa Bongard. Malus rivularis Roemer. Pyrus rivularis Douglas 



This small tree or shrub occurs in rich moist lands along streams from Alaska 

 southward to central Cahfomia, attaining its greatest development in Washington 

 and Oregon, where it reaches a maximum height of 12 meters, with a tmnk diam- 

 eter of 4.5 dm. usually much smaller, however, and often forming thickets. 



The bark is about 6 mm. thick, broken into thin, loose, reddish brown plates: 

 the winter buds are small, blunt and brown; twigs hair}% gradually becoming 

 smooth, bright red, shining, and finally dark brown. The leaves are firm in tex- 

 ture, ovate to ovate-lanceolate, 2.5 to 8 cm. long, sharp or taper-pointed, nar- 

 rowed, rounded or subcordate at the base, margined by short, sharp, glandular 

 teeth, sometimes 3-lobed, dark green and smooth, with impressed venation above, 

 pale, slightly hair}^ or smooth, and prominently veined beneath; leaf-stalk stiff. 



