20 



ARBORETUM ET FRUTICETUM BRITANN'ICUM. 



J* 1. X. ^piifo'lia UHcrit. The Parsley-leaved Yellow- Root. 



Idenlificathm. L'llcr. Stirp. nov., p.79. t. 38. ; Dec. Prod., I. p. 65. ; Don's Mill., 1. p. 65. ; Tor. 



and Gray, 1. p. 40. 

 Synonymes. Xanthorhlza npiifolia ; Zanthorise ^ FeuUles de Persil, Fr. ; Sellerie-bliittrige Gelb- 



wurz, Ger. 

 Derivation. From the Greek words xdnthos^ yellow, and riiiza, a root ; applied from the deep 



yellow colour of the roots. The French name needs no explanation ; and the German is a literal 



translation of tlie English one. 

 Etigravings. Lam. 111., t. 8-54. ; Bot. Mag., 1730. ; and onr Jig. 31. 



Spec. Char., c^c. Flowers minute, dark piirjjle, often by abortion polygamous. 



A low, suffrutesceiit, deciduous shrub. Flowers dark purple ; Ma}', 



Height 2 ft. to 3 ft. Pennsylvania. Introduced in 1776. Decaying leaves 



yellovvisli or brown, dropping in September. 



A small shrub with yellow creeping roots, which 

 attain a large size, and throw up numerous suckers ; 

 with irregularly pinnate leaves, branched racemes, and 

 small purplish flowers (which are usually unisexual 

 ft'om abortion) rising ft-om the scaly buds. The flowers "S^ 

 appear early in May, and continue a month or upwards '^'^ 

 before they drop off. We have never heard of its 

 ripening seeds in Europe ; nevertheless, this may have 

 occurred, and been overlooked, from the inconspi- 

 cuousness of the shrub, and the smallness of its fruit. 

 Suckers, or division of the root. 



Xanthovtiiza apiifolU. 



Order II. WINTER^^C^^. 



Ordinal Character. CaJijx of 2 6 deciduous sepals, and 2 to many petals ; 

 the sepals and petals, when more than two, disposed ternately. Carpels 

 whorled, very rarely solitary from abortion, Evergreen shrubs, or low 

 trees, chiefly natives of warm climates. 



Leaves simple, alternate, stipulate, evergreen ; full of pellucid dots, and 

 coriaceous. Properties aromatic and stimulant. Illicium is the only genus of 

 this order which contains species that will stand out in the open air in 

 Britain. 



Genus I. 



ILLrCIUM L. The Illicium. or Aniseed 



Polygjnia, 



Lin. Gen., 611. ; Tor. and Gray, I. p. 42. 



Tree. Lin. Syst. Polyandria 



Dec. Prod., 1. p. 77. ; Don's Mill. 



Identification. 

 1. p. 78. 



Synonymes. Badiane, or Anis-etoile, Fr. ; Sternanis, Ggr. 



Derivation. The generic name Illicium is formed from the Latin word illicio, to allure, on 

 account of the agreeable aromatic smell of all the species. It is called tlie Aniseed Tree, from its 

 smell bearing a strong resemblance to that of aniseed. Badiane appears to be an aboriginal French 

 word ; .4nis-etoile, and Stern.inis, signify literally the starry anise, and may allude to the starry 

 disposition of the parts of the flower and of the capsules. 



Gen. Char. Calyx of 3-6 petal-like sepals. Carpels stellately disposed, cap- 

 sular, opening on the upper side, 1-seeded, (^Don's Mill., i, [), 79,) 



1. Illi'cium florida'num Ellis. The Florida Illicium. 



Identification. Lin. Mant., 395. ; Dec. Prod., 1. p. 77. ; Don's Mill., 1. p. 79. 



Sy7ionymes. The Florida Aniseed Tree, red-flowered Anise-seed Tree, Mor. Hist. ; Badiane de la 



I'loride, Fr. ; unjichter (spurious) Sternanis, Ger. 

 Engravings. Bot. Mag., 439. ; Lod. Bot. Cab., t. 209. ; and omfig. 32. 



Spec. Char.y ^c. Petals 27 30, dark purple, outer ones oblong, inner 

 ones lanceolate. {Doiis Mi/l.) An evergreen glabrous shrub. West 



