XXII. iiHAMNA'CE^: Zl'ZYPHUS. 167 



deciduous or evergreen. Flowers axillary or terminal Chiefly natives of 



Europe or North America. 



They are ornamental in British gardens and shrubberies, chiefly from the va- 

 riety of their foliage, and from their berries ; but some of them, as Ceanothus, 

 from their flowers. They are all of easy culture ; and they are propagated by 

 seeds, cuttings, or layers. The hardy genera in British gardens are six ; which 

 are characterised as follows : 

 Zi'zvPHUS Tourn. Petals 5. Styles 2 3. Fruit an ovoid mucilaginous drupe. 



j^'uts 1 3-celled. Seed compressed. A deciduous low tree or shrub. 

 PxLiv^RVS Tourn. Petals 5. Styles 3. Fruit dry, indehiscent, girded with 



a broad membranaceous wing, 3-celled. Seed ovate. Spiny shrubs. 

 Bkrche'm/^ Necker. ' "^etals 5. Style 1. Stigmas 2. Fruit an oblong dry 



drupe ; the nut 2-celled. A twining deciduous shrub from Caroima. 

 J?ha'mnus Lam. Petals in ^me absent. Style 2 4-cleft. Fruit nearly 



dry, or berried, 2 i-celled. Seed oblong. Shrubs or small trees, deciduous 



or'evergreen ; chiefly natives of Europe, but some of N. America and Asia. 

 ColleV/^ Comm. Corolla none. Style ending in 3 teeth. Fruit a 3-celled 



capsule. Spiny shrubs ; natives of Peru or Chile. 

 Ceano^thus L. Petals 5. Styles 2 3, united. Fruit a dry berry, 3-celled, 



rarely 2 4-celled. Seed ovate. Shrubs, evergreen or deciduous, from 



North America. 



Genus I. 



ZI'ZYPHUS Tourn. The Jujube. lAn. Syst. Pentandria Di-Trigynia. 



Identification. Tourn. Inst., t. 403. ; Gaert. Fruct., 1. p. 43 ; Lam. 111., t. 185. ; Dec. Prod., 2. 



p. 198. ; Brongn. M6m. Rham., p. 47. 

 Synonymes. Jujubier, Fr. ; Judendoni, Ger. ; Giuggiolo, Ital. 

 Derivation. From zizovf, the Arabic name of the lotus. 



Gen. Char. Calyx spreading, 5-cleft. Petals 5, obovate, unguiculate, convolute. 

 Stamens 5, exserted. Anthers ovate, 2-celled. Disk flat, pentagonal, ex- 

 panded, adhering to the tube of the calyx. Ovary 2 3-celled, immersed 

 in the disk. Styles 2 3. Fruit fleshy, containing a 1 2-celled nut. 

 (Do7i's Mill., 2. p. 23.) 



Leaves simple, alternate, stipulate, deciduous ; 3-nerved. Flowers axil- 

 lary. Only one hardy species. A low tree or shrub from Syria. 



3? 1. Z. vuLGA^Ris Lain. The common, or cultivated, Jujube. 



Identification. Lam. 111., 185. f. 1. ; Dec. Prod., 2. p. 19. ; Don's Mill., 2. p. 23. 



Synonymes. ifhfemnus 2fzvphus Lin. Spec. 282., Pall. Fl. Eoss. 2. t. 59. ; Z. satlva Desf. Arb. 2. 



p. 373., iV. Du Ham. t. 16., but not of Gfert. ; Z. JUjuba Mill. Diet. No. 1., but not of Lam. ; 



Jiijubier cultiv<5, Fr. ; Brustbeeren, Ger.\ Giuggiolo, Ital. 

 Engravings. Lam. lU., 185. f. 1. ; N. Du Ham., 3. t. 16. ; and our^f^'. 240. 



Spec. Char., S^c. Branchlets glabrous. Leaves ovate, retuse, denticulate, 

 glabrous ; or, beneath, pubescent along the nerves. Prickles not any, or 

 twin, one of them recurved. Drupe ovate-oblong. (Dec. Prcd.) A deci- 

 duous tree. The South of Europe and Syria, Height in the South of 

 Europe 20 ft. to 30ft. ; and in England 5 ft. to 10 ft. Introduced in 1640. 

 Flowers greenish yellow; August and September. Fruit blood-red or 

 saffron ; rarely seen in England. 



Stem thick, cylindrical, somewhat twisted. The bark is brown, and rather 

 chapped. The branches are numerous, pliant, armed with prickles, zigzag in 

 their direction ; the prickles at the joints being two of unequal size, of which 

 one is almost straight, and the other shorter and quite straight. The leaves 

 are alternate and oval-oblong, somewhat hard and coriaceous. The flowers 

 are small, axillary, of a pale yellow colour, with short peduncles. The fruit 



31 4 



