168 



ARBORETUM ET FRUTICETUM BRITANNICUM. 



is oval-oblong, resembling that of the olive ; at 

 first green, afterwards yellow, and entirely red 

 when ripe. The juice of the fruit is used for 

 making the jujube lozenges. The plant is 

 tolerably hardy ; having stood the winter of 

 1837-8 in theHort. Soc. Garden. It is easily 

 increased by cuttings of the roots, whether of ^^ 

 young or old trees ; or by suckers, which it ^^ 



throws up in the greatest abundance. 

 of it may also be procured from Italy. 



Seeds 



Other Species ofZhyphtis. Z. sinensis \>mn. 

 has been cultivated in the Hort. Soc. Garden 

 but it is only half-hardy ; and the same may 

 be said of Z. spina Christi, Z. Jlexudsa, and 

 Z. incurva, which are marked in some cata- 

 logues as hardy. 



Genus II. 



S40. Ziz)iihus vulgaris. 



PALIU'RUS L. The Paliurus, or Christ's Thorn. Lin. Syst. Pentandria 



Trigynia. 



Identification. Tourn. Inst.,t. 386. ; D. Don Prod Fl. Nep., p. 189. ; Dec. Prod., 1. p. 22. ; Don's 



Mill., 2. p. 23. ; Brongn. Mem. Rham., p. 46. 

 Synonymes. Paliure, Porte-chapeau, Fr.; Judendorn, Ger.; Paliuro, Ital. 

 Derivation. From pallo, to move, and ouron, urine ; in allusion to its diuretic qualities ; or from 



Paliurus, the name of a town in Africa, now called Nabil. 



Ge7i. Char. Calyx spreading, 5-cleft. Petals 5, obovate, convolute. Stamens 



5, protruding. Anthers ovate, 2-celled. Disk flat, pentagonal. Quart/ .3-celled. 



Styles 3. F/-uit dry, indehiscent, expanding into a membrane round the disk, 



containing a 3-cellcd nut. (Doti's Hill.) 



Leaves simple, alternate, stipulate, deciduous ; nerved with spines in the 



axils. Floivers axillary, greenish yellow. 



Two species are hardy, and very ornamental from their shining leaves, and 



abundance of rich greenish yellow flowers, which are succeeded by fruit of 



rather a singular form. Propagated by seeds, which they produce in England, 



in abundance. 



t 



* 1. P. ACULEA^TUS Lam. The prickly Paliurus, or Christ's Thorn. 



Identification. Lam. III., t. 210. ; Fl. Fr., ed. 3., No. 4081. ; N. Du Ham., 3. t. 17. ; Don's Mill., 2. 

 p. 23. 



Synoninnes. P. petasus Dum. Cours. 6. p. 266. ; P. austrMis Gcsrt. Fruct. 1. 1. 43. f. 5. ; P. vulgaris 

 D. 'Don Prod. Fl. Nep.\%^.; iJh&mnus Paliirus Lin. Spec.'iSl.; Zizyphus PaliQrus (I (/M. 

 Spec. 1. p. 1183., Sims Sot. Mag. t. 1893. ; Christ's Thorn, or Ram of Libya, Gerard \ E'pmp de 

 Christ, Argalon, Porte-chapeau, Fr.; gefliigeltcr Judendorn, Ger. ; Giuggolo salvatico, Ifnl. ; Xlm, 

 in the herb-shops of Constantinople, where the seeds are sold as a medicine, and as a yellow dye. 



Engravings. Lam. 111., t. 210. ; N. Du Ham., 3. t. 17. ; Hot. Mag., t. 1893. ; the plates of this 

 species, both in a young and an old state, in Arb. Brit., 1st edit., vol. v. ; and our fig. 241. 



Sj^ec. Char., cfc. Branchlets pubescent. Leaves ovate, serrulated, quite . 

 smooth, 3-nerved, with two spines at the base, one straight, the other re- 

 curved. Flowers in axillary crowded umbellules ; few in an umbcllule. 

 Wing of capsule crenated. (Doit's Mill.) A branching deciduous shrub, or 

 low tree. South of Europe, and North and West of Asia. Height 15 ft. to 

 30 ft. Introduced in ijiHk Flowers greenish yellow; June and July. 

 Fruit yellow ; ripe in September. 



The fruit is buckler-shaped, flat and thin, but coriaceous. From the sin- 

 gular appearance of this fruit, which has the footstalk attached to the middle. 

 which is raised ike the crown of a hat ; and the flattened disk, which re- 



