1068 



ARBORETUM ET FRUTICETUM BRITANNICUM. 



gether. Pollen in 5 cases. Ovules 2. Leaves linear, in 2 ranks, de- 

 ciduous in the only species yet introduced. 

 JuNi'pERUS. Male catkins terminal, female ones axillary, few. Pollen in 

 3 to 6 cases. Ovule one. Fruit pulpy. Leaves opposite or ternate, rigid. 



Genus VIII. 



Lt 



J L 



TTHU'JA L. The Arbor Vitje. Lin. Syst. Monoe^cia Monadelphia. 



Identification. Lin. Gpii., 1078. ; Jiiss., 4!3. ; Lamb. Pin., ed. 2., 2. 



Sijnonymc.s. Thuya, or Arbre de Vie. Fr. ; Lehensbaum, Ger. ; Tuja, Ital. 



Derivntion. From thyon, sacrifice; in consequence of the resin of tlie Eastern variety being used 

 instead of incense in sacrifices. Why it was called Arbor \itie is uncertain. Parkinson says the 

 American species was presented to Francis I. under this name, and that it has been continued 

 ever since, though for what reason he knows not. It was called the Arbor Vit^ by Clusius. 

 Royle mentions that, in the East, the cjfpress is called the tree of life ; and that its berries, cS:c., are 

 considered a cure for all diseases. 



Gen. Char. Male flowers in a terminal solitary catkin. Pollen of each flower 

 included in 4 cases, that are attached to the inner face of the scale, towards 

 its base. Female flower in terminal catkins. Ovary connate with the 

 bractea ; the two conjoined may be termed a receptacle. Ovules 2 to each 

 receptacle. Receptacles semi-peltate, imbricated, smooth, or, in some, having 

 a recurved beak near the tip. Seeds inconspicuously winged, or not winged. 

 Cotyledons 2. Branchlets compressed. 



Leaves simple, alternate or opposite, exstipulate, evergreen ; 2-rowed, 

 scale-like, closely imbricated, compressed. Flowers yellowish. Trees nar- 

 row, pyramitlal, and evergreen ; or large fastigiate shrubs ; natives of Asia, 

 Africa, and North America, and for the most part hardy in British gardens. 

 The species have been divided by Professor Don into the following sec- 

 tions : 



i. TlmJ<s vercB. Cones oblong-compressed ; scales consisting of a definite 

 number (4 "or 6), coriaceous, smooth, with one tubercle under the 

 apex ; two exterior ones shortened, boat-shaped. Seeds compressed, 

 winged. To this belong T. occidentalis L., T. plicata Donn, and T. 

 chilensis D. Don. In T. occidentalis the seeds are flattened, winged 

 all round, emarginate at the apex. 



ii. Biota. Cones roundish, squarrose ; scales indefinite in number, peltate, 

 woody. Seeds bellying, crustaceous, without wings. To this belongs 

 T. orientalis L. 



iii. Cyparissa. Cones roundish ; scales indefinite in number, peltate, woody. 

 Seeds winged at the apex. To this belong T. cupressoides L., T. 

 pensilis D. Don, and T. pendula J). Don. 



i. TfmjcE vera. 

 ? 1.7''. occiDENTA^Lis L. The Western, or American, Arbor Vitae. 



Identification. Hort. Cliff., 449. ; Pursh Fl. Amer. Sept., 2. p. fi4G. ; Michx. N. Amer. Svl..3. p. 226 

 Siinonymes. Tliuja Theophrftstt Bauh. Pin. 4X8. ; Arbor Vita? C/?/4. Hist. 1. p. 3G. ; white Cedar 



' Amir. ; CSdre americain, Cedre blanc, Arbre de Vie, Vr. ; gemeiner Lehensbaum, Ger. ; Albero 

 de \'ita, Ilul. 

 Engravings. Michx. Arb., 3. t. 29. ; the plate of this tree in Arb. Brit, 1st edit., vol. viii. ; and our 



fig- 1991- 



Spec. Char., Sfc. Branclilets 2-edged. Leaves imjiricated in 4 rows, ovate- 

 rhomboid, adpressed, naked, tuberculated. Cones obovate ; interior scales 

 truncate, gibbous beneath the apex, (inild.) A moderate-sized evergreen 

 tree, or large shrub. Canada. Height 40 ft. to 50 ft. In cultivation in 

 England since 1596. Flowering in May, and ripening its cones in the 

 following autumn. 



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