Table 5. Average Regional Consumption and Production of Apples, 

 United States, 1919-1921 and 1958-1960 



* For the years 1919-1921. U. S., Department of Agriculture, Yearbook 1921. p. 625. 

 For the years 1958-1960. U. S., Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Statistics: 

 1959-1960. 



t These data were obtained by multiplying the average 1919-1921 and 1958-1960 

 national per capita consumption of fresh and processed apples (in terms of fresh 

 farm weight) by the regional population in 1920 and 1960. The consumption data 

 were obtained from: U. S., Department of Agriculture. Bureau of Agricultural 

 Economics, Consumption of Food in the United States: 1909-1952, Agricultural 

 Handbook No. 62, p. 116 and 1960 Supplement, August, 1961. 



In the early period there was a regional deficit of over 14 million 

 bushels to be transported to three deficit regions. In the later period a 

 regional deficit of over 28 million bushels had to be moved to six 

 deficit regions.^ Thus, although per capita consumption of apples fell 

 during this period, population increases in deficit regions and a con- 

 centration of production into fewer areas made it necessary for more 

 apples to ]je transported between regions. Transportation is apparently 

 Ijecoming more important in the cost of marketing apples. 



Processing and Fresh Outlets 



There are two primary types of outlets for apples: those which use 

 apples as a fresh product, and those which process apples. During the 

 past 40 years, the percentage of the total crop and the aI)solute quantity 

 of apples going into fresh use has Ijeen declining rather rapidly. There 

 seem to be two basic reasons for this: 



(1) An increase in the fresh fruit alternatives available to con- 

 sumers in areas that do not have a winter fruit harvest. Improved 



4 In this analysis it was assumed that per capita consumption of apples was the same 

 in all regions. Actually this is not entirely true, as will be shown in a later phase of 

 the study. 



12 



