134 



GRAFTAGE. 



The Angouleme takes well to the quince, and upon Angou- 

 leme dwarfs the Seckel and some other varieties are often 

 worked. In double-working dwarf pears, it is imperative 

 that both unions be very close to the ground. The piece 

 of interposed wood is not more than one or two inches 

 in length. 



The second cion is usually set after the first one has 

 grown one season, although both may be set 

 at the same time. Double-grafting for the 

 purpose of securing a better growth is often 

 practiced. The Canada Red apple, for in- 

 stance, is such a poor grower 

 that it is often stem-worked or 

 top-worked upon the Northern 

 Spy or some other strong stock. 

 The Winter Nelis and the Joseph- 

 ine de Malines pears are often 

 double-worked for the same rea- 

 son. Fig. 140 shows the top of a 

 double-worked tree. In this in- 

 stance, the body of the tree is 

 two years old and is itself a graft 

 or bud upon a seedling root. 

 The second variety is grafted at 



the point where it {s desired to 



start the permanent top of the tree, by whip-grafting in this 

 instance. The figure on the left shows the two-year-old top 

 growing from this cion. The length of the cion is com- 

 prised inside the dotted lines, and this region is enlarged 

 in the figure on the right. The base of the cion was at T 

 below which is stock and the top at N. The upper scar 

 at N is the top of the cion itself, but the other scars show 

 where superfluous twigs were removed after the cion had 

 grown a year. This type of double- working of fruit-trees 

 is to be recommended for weak or wayward growers. 



Grafting Waxes. There are great numbers of recipes 

 for waxes or mastics for protecting grafts and covering 



140. A double-worked tree. 



