JACOBEAN LILY JUGLANS. 259 



Jacobaean Lily. See Amaryllis. 



Jacobinia. See Justicia. 



Jasminum (Jasmine, Jessamine). Oleacecz. 



Sometimes by seeds, but usually by cuttings of the 

 nearly ripened wood, under glass. Cuttings of ripe wood 

 are also employed, and layers are often used. 



Jatropha. Euphorbiacece. 



Cuttings made of firm young shoots will strike in sandy 

 soil in a strong bottom heat. The cuttings, if very fleshy, 

 may be dried a few days before setting them. 



Jeffersonia. Berberidacea. 



Seeds should be sown as soon as ripe, or divisions may 

 be made. 



Jerusalem Artichoke (Girasole). See Artichoke. 

 Jessamine, Yellow. See Gelsemium. 

 Jonquil. See Narcissus. 



Jubaea (Coquito Palm of Chili). Palmacecz. 

 Propagation is effected by seeds. 



Judas-tree. See Cercis. 



Juglans (Walnut and Butternut). Juglandacecz. 



All the species are readily propagated by means of 

 stratified nuts. Do not allow the nuts to become dry. 

 Artificial cracking should not be done. In stiff soils the 

 seedlings are apt to produce a long tap-root which renders 

 transplanting difficult after the first year or two. The tap- 

 root may be cut by a long knife while the tree is growing, 

 or the young seedling may be transplanted. Particular 

 varieties are perpetuated by grafting or budding with any 

 of the common methods ; but the skill of the grafter is 

 more important than the method. In the north, they are 

 sometimes worked indoors in pots. Common shield-bud- 

 ding works well, if the sap is flowing freely in the stock. 

 Flute-budding is often employed. The improved native 

 sorts are root-grafted in winter. Old trees can be top- 

 grafted like apple trees (see page 123). If nursery stocks 

 are grafted, it is usually best to insert the cions below 

 ground, as for grapes. In all walnut grafting, it is gen- 

 erally preferred: that only one scarf or cut of the cion 

 should traverse the pith. It is very important that the 

 cions be kept perfectly dormant. 



