204 INFECTION AND IMMUNITY. 



Hay fever antitoxin, for the toxin of pollens 

 which cause hay fever. 



ANTIFERMENTS. 



Antirennet. 



Antipepsin. 



Antitrypsin. 



Antifibrinferment. 



Antiurease, for urease, a urea splitting ferment. 



Antilaccase. 



Antityrosinase. 



Antisteapsin. 



Antiferments for the ferments of bacterial 

 cultures. 



The above axe true antitoxins. There are other 

 substances, however, which occasionally exert an 

 antagonistic action on toxins, although they prob- 

 ably are not true antitoxins. For example, it has 

 been found that cholesterin neutralizes the action 

 of tetanolysdn, the hemolytic toxin of the tetanus 

 bacillus (Noguchi), and also the hemolytic action 

 of cobra venom and cobra-lecithid. (See Chap. 

 XVI). On the other hand, it does not affect two 

 other hemolytic toxins, staphylolysin, which is 

 derived from the staphylococcus, and arachuolysin 

 which is obtained from spiders (Kyes), the action 

 of cholesterin, therefore, is in no sense specific and 

 apparently is of a different type from that of 

 serum antitoxins. This is further indicated by 

 the fact that chloesterin also inhibits the hemolytic 

 activity of certain substances which can not be 

 classed with the toxins, e. g. saponin, agaricin 

 (Noguchi). Fluids which contain cholesterin nat- 

 urally, as milk, serum and bile, have a similar 

 inhibiting power. 



