280 INFECTION AND IMMUNITY. 



a bacteriolytic system could be used instead of 

 hemolysis, in order to test for the binding of 

 complement. 



Complement deviation obviously belongs to a 

 large group of complement inhibition phenomena 

 and since some of these have a very close bearing 

 on the complement deviation by means of antigen- 

 antibody complex it is well to review them. 



Ehrlich and Morgenroth made use of the com- 

 plement inhibition of lowered temperature to 

 separate complement from amboceptor. 



Hektoen and Ruediger found that various ions 

 might render complement inactive. Certain sub- 

 stances which in themselves are hemolytic have 

 been shown to antagonize complement action. 

 Among these are to be mentioned bile salts, salts 

 of fatty acids, lecithin cholesterin and other lipoid 

 bodies. 



Suspensions of finely divided substances have 

 been demonstrated to inhibit complement action 

 and the assumption that their ability to antagonize 

 complement is due to their adsorptive property is 

 highly probable. Kaolin, chalk, carbon, sand, etc., 

 have been used in this way. 



A wide variety of colloidal substances have been 

 shown to inhibit complement; examples of these 

 are gelatin, peptone, aleuronat, albumoses, etc. 

 Lastly, extracts of bacteria, normal and pathologic 

 tissue extracts and the body juices work as com- 

 plement inhibitors. 



Ehrlich and Bordet by immunizing animals 

 of P Ehrlich with normal serum succeeded in producing serums 

 lordet. highly antagonistic to complement action. Accord- 

 ing to the Ehrlich conception, these bodies are to 



