SEROTHERAPY. 491 



from 10 to 20 c.c. are recommended,, and for cura- 

 tive purposes from 30 to 50 c.c. Concerning the 

 value of this serum Dieudonne concludes as fol- 

 lows: "On the basis of the results obtained in 

 man and in animal experiments we can attribute 

 no positive curative value to the Parisian serum, 

 although a certain influence on the course of the 

 disease can not be denied. On the other hand, the 

 serum is suitable for protective inoculation when 

 immediate immunity is necessary, as for those who 

 are caring for cases of plague pneumonia. Since, 

 however, the protection afforded by this means per- 

 sists only for a few days, subsequent active immun- 

 ization with killed cultures is indicated as soon as 

 possible for those persons who are exposed to in- 

 fection for some time." The favorable results 

 noted by a number of observers would seem to jus- 

 tify further use of the serum for curative pur- 

 poses. 



The serum of Tavel, prepared at the Institute 

 of Bern, is, like that of Yersin, bactericidal and 

 agglutinating. Antitoxic as well as bactericidal 

 properties are claimed for the serum of Lustig, 

 which is prepared by immunization with the toxic 

 precipitate mentioned above. It has been used ex- 

 tensively in the treatment of plague and in a num- 

 ber of small epidemics favorable though not thor- 

 oughly convincing results were reported. The 

 serum of Markl, which is supposed to be antitoxic, 

 has had no practical trial. It is prepared by im- 

 munization with old cultures which have been 

 killed by chloroform. 



According to Kolle and Krumbein antiplague 

 serum should be tested as to concentration of all of 



