STREPTOCOCCUS. 515 



may follow an intestinal infection ; a pure pneumo- 

 coccus infection of the peritoneum in the absence 

 of pneumonia is extremely rare. Pneumococcus 

 infections of the eye, ear, intestines and perito- 

 neum are likely to be accompanied by other or- 

 ganisms. 



Pneumococcus conjunctivitis occurs in epidemic 

 form and the same precautions should be taken 

 to limit it as for the limitation of influenza con- 

 junctivitis. 



Serpiginous ulcer of the eye, a progressive phag- 

 edenic process in the cornea, is usually caused by 

 the pneumococcus, although other organisms may 

 be present. Roemer treats the condition with 

 an antipneumococcus serum and claims that he is 

 able to arrest the process if the treatment is begun 

 sufficiently early. The serum is injected beneath 

 the conjunctiva. 



II. STREPTOCOCCI. 



When wound infections, cases of septicemia and Discovery of 

 pyemja were first studied bacteriologically, various 



names were applied to certain cocci which were 

 found. Such were the Microsporon septicum of 

 Klebs and the Coccobacteria septica of Billroth 

 and others. Pasteur recognized such organisms 

 and cultivated them at an early date, but Ogsten, 

 in 1880 to 1884, using the newly-devised technic 

 of Koch, was the first to recognize two sorts of 

 pyogenic cocci, to which he gave the names of strep- 

 tococci and staphylococci. The former grew in the 

 form of chains and the latter in clusters. In 1883 

 Fehleisen obtained the streptococcus in pure cul- 

 tures from cases of erysipelas. Rosenbach deter- 

 mined more exactly the significance of streptococci 



