GLANDERS. 623 



the number of lepers in Norway has decreased from 

 2,870 in 1856 to 577 in 1900. Banishment to the 

 Island of Molokai is practiced in the Sandwich Is- 

 lands. Segregation of lepers should be brought 

 about in this country. 



Carasquilla attempted the production of an anti- 

 leprosy serum by immunizing horses with the blood 

 of leprous patients. Although a few favorable re- 

 ports concerning its effects appeared it has not 

 proved of value in the hands of others. 



III. GLANDERS (FARCY). 



Under natural conditions the horse is the chief occurrence 



of the 

 Disease. 



sufferer from glanders or farcy, the former name of tlie 



being applied to the disease as it occurs in the nose, 

 the latter when in the skin. These names are relics 

 of the time when the two forms of the disease were 

 not recognized as having a common etiology. In 

 either locality the disease may be acute or chronic, 

 and in the horse about 90 per cent, of the cases 

 are chronic. The ass is occasionally infected, and 

 in this animal, as well as in man, an acute general 

 infection (bacillemia) frequently develops, in ad- 

 dition to the cutaneous and nasal lesions which 

 characterize the disease. Fortunately, glanders in 

 man is rare. Cows and rats are immune, or nearly 

 so; the sheep, goat and dog have fairly high resis- 

 tance, although they may be infected artificially; 

 the dog and rabbit are moderately susceptible, and 

 for the guinea-pig and members of the cat family 

 (tiger, lion and leopard), the bacillus is very vir- 

 ulent. Infection of the last-named animals has 

 been noted in menageries as the result of feeding 

 them with the meat of a horse which had died of 

 glanders. The acute infection usually is fatal, and 



