MEASLES. 747 



sis (Klotz). How much of this leucocytosis de- 

 pends on co-existing streptococcus infection re- 

 mains uncertain. 



Treatment with antistreptococcus serum is the 

 only serotherapeutic measure which has been ad- 

 vocated in relation to scarlet fever. This is done 

 either on the assumption that the disease is of 

 streptococcus etiology, satisfactory proof of which 

 has not yet been obtained,, or with the hope that 

 the serum will influence favorably secondary in- 

 fections with the streptococcus. The serums of 

 Aronson, Moser and of Menzer have been tried 

 more than others. Moser is probably more enthu- 

 siastic than others, and he claims a reduction in 

 the mortality from an average of 13.08 per cent, 

 to 8.9 per cent, in 400 cases. Others have observed 

 a favorable influence in some cases, but the re- 

 sults are not uniform. The development of sec- 

 ondary streptococcus infections can not be pre- 

 vented by the use of the serums, although it is 

 stated that their severity may be moderated. 



Of theoretical interest is the report by Weiss- 

 becker and by v. Leyden that the serum of con- 

 valescents causes a reduction of the temperature 

 and a shortening of the course of the disease. 



The results published up to the present time 

 indicate that we have not as yet an efficient serum 

 for scarlet fever (see also p. 527). 



X. MEASLES. 



Bacilli which have been recognized in the con- 

 junctiva, sputum and nasal passages in cases of orsai 

 measles have, for the most part, resembled either 

 the diphtheria or the influenza bacillus. Pseudo- 

 diphtheria bacilli are normal residents in the eye, 



