PERTUSSIS. 



751 



and of 

 Joclimaiiii. 



Disregarding some other bacilli which certain The iniiu- 

 investigators have attempted to bring into rela- Bat'mi^of 

 tion with pertussis, we may note the essential facts 

 concerning an influenza-like bacillus which has 

 been found with great constancy and by many 

 competent investigators in the sputum of patients. 

 First observed by Sprengler (1897) in pertussis 

 sputum, this organism or bacilli similar to it have 

 been found by Czaplewski and Hensel, Zusch, 

 Cavasse, Vincenzi, Elmassian, Luzzatto, Arnheim, 

 Jochmann and Kruse, Beyher, Smit, Wollstein, 

 and Davis. The organism is said to be somewhat 

 larger and thicker than the true influenza bacillus, 

 but has the same bipolar staining affinity and the 

 same demand for hemoglobin for its growth in 

 pure cultures. There is some difference of opinion 

 as to whether the organisms described by these 

 different observers are all identical and as to 

 whether all have worked with pure cultures. The 

 conclusion of Davis would seem to sum up the 

 situation: "With the exception of Manicatide, 

 probably all of the investigators, at least in more 

 recent years, have been dealing, either in pure or 

 impure cultures, with the influenza-like bacillus, 

 first described by Sprengler and later by Joch- 

 mann." Culturally they are not to be differen- Hemoniimc 

 tiated from the influenza bacillus. When in pure and^Iymt** 

 culture they demand hemoglobin for their develop- l 

 ment, although the amount of hemoglobin may be 

 so small as not to color the medium. When in 

 mixed culture with the streptococcus, staphylo- 

 coccns, pneumococcus and B. xerosis. they grow 

 abundantly even in the absence of hemoglobin. 

 Hence, in relation to symbiosis, also they resemble 

 the influenza bacillus. For symbiotic development 



