WINK-MAKING IN CALIFORNIA. 93 



liarly well adapted to the Californica, and on which the Ru- 

 pestris, at least, should not have been used at all. 



Experience, which appears in some respects the reverse of 

 my own, has been had by the Briggs Brothers, near Winters, 

 as reported by Mr. W. G. Klee. The vineyard tract in 

 question is located on Putah Creek alluvium and was planted 

 with Muscat vines, which, notwithstanding the deep rich soil, 

 began dying the third year from planting, being attacked by 

 the phylloxera. A few years ago, a number of resistant vines 

 were planted among the Muscats for trial as to their resistance 

 and general success; they were, besides the Rupestris, Ripa- 

 ria, Californica, and Arizonica, a number of the cultivated 

 American vines, such as Herbemont, Lenoir, Elvira, Taylor, 

 etc. On the whole, all are doing well, but of the wild species 

 the Rupestris is beyond question the strongest grower. Be- 

 tween Riparia and Arizonica it is hard to decide which is the 

 "most vigorous, but the Californica, while doing fairly well, is 

 on the whole the poorest in growth, and on examination, the 

 phylloxera was found to be apparently most numerous on the 

 Californica roots. It was stated that in another part of the 

 vineyard, not infested with phylloxera, the Californica is de- 

 cidedly more vigorous than where it is among the infested 

 vines. 



It appears that in this case the Rupestris finds, in the more 

 congenial lighter soil of the Putah alluvium, favorable con- 

 ditions which are wanting in the rich adobe of Mission San 

 Jose, yet without losing its resistant qualities, which on the 

 whole, probably exceed those of the 'Californica. The lat- 

 ter represents among the vines what the plum stock does 

 among stone fruits, while the Rupestris (and probably the 

 ^Estivalis varieties) are the parallels of the peach or almond 

 stocks; and doubtless they are as little interchangeable as are: 

 the two orchard stocks. 



