124 GUAPE CULTURE AND 



did not give favorable results, and therefore I applied myself 

 to find the cause of these failures, and to learn the proper 

 method to avoid them. I think that all are easily explained, 

 and the success of the operation depends mostly on a few 

 very simple points, which, however, are of the greatest im- 

 portance. If performed correctly and at the proper time, 

 nearly all the green grafts will grow, in Hungary as well as in 

 Marburg, and even the grafts made by our students have 

 taken, with only a loss of from two to three per cent. 



"As I have remarked before, the proper time is very 

 material. In districts which are subject to late frosts, the 

 work cannot be performed until all danger from them is past. 

 Therefore we will presume that for most districts the proper 

 time would be from end of May to beginning of July. But 

 the best guide in this respect is the condition of the young 

 shoots, The stocks as w r ell as the scions must be elastic and 

 pliable, not too woody, nor yet too soft. The pith of the 

 young wood must be yet green, not show the white tinge 

 which it assumes later. Of course, the buds must be suffi- 

 ciently developed to grow. This is generally the case at the 

 last fully developed leaf. This will explain why all shoots on 

 a vine or all plants in a nursery are not in a proper condition 

 at the same time, and that only those should be selected 

 which are sufficiently developed and growing rapidly. Lat- 

 erals with points that have already completed their growth 

 are unfit for use. It is of the greatest importance that the 

 stock, where it is to be grafted, is still growing and juicy, so 

 that we may expect a vigorous growth. 



" It has also been observed that sunny and warm weather, 

 when the vine grows rapidly, is more suited than cloudy and 

 cool days, when the vine is not so thrifty. The operation 

 should not be performed in the hottest hours of the day, 

 therefore it will not succeed well during continued dry 

 weather. 



