192 " GRAPE CULTURE AND 



tides which are readily lost from the foliage of the vine under 

 the influence of light breeze. Its application affects the 

 workmen, too, with a trouble known as ophtalmie des sulfreurs 

 affecting the eyes. 



"The ground sulphur, on the contrary, which is made up 

 of angular and irregular particles, adhere more closely to the 

 green portions of the vine and trouble the workmen much 

 less." 



M. A. Du Boreuil, M. La Forgue and others express the 

 same preference for finely ground sulphur. 



HOW AND WHEN TO APPLY SULPHUR. 



Tor very small vineyards, the dredger, an instrument much 

 resembling a large pepper box, answers well enough, especial- 

 ly while the vines are young. For more advanced vineyards 

 and larger areas, the bellows should be used, holding from 

 three to five pounds of sulphur. These latter are furnished by 

 local manufacturers and effect a considerable saving of time, 

 labor and material over the dredger. By the use of the bel- 

 lows, too, the sulphur can be more evenly distributed. A 

 simple open nozzle is the best ; any perforated cover for this 

 latter is apt to get clogged and the bell-shape frequently given 

 to it does not spread or expand the sulphur jet a purpose for 

 which it is designed but fails to accomplish. A bent nozzle 

 is more of an encumbrance tban an advantage. The simplest, 

 strongest bellows of good size will prove cheapest and best in 

 the end. With this tool a workman will sulphur from five to 

 eight thousand vines per day vines in an advanced state ot 

 vegetation. He may apply as many pounds of sulphur per 

 day with other instruments, but it can not thus be so evenly 

 distributed, nor cover the same area. 



The powdered sulphur should be applied so as to lodge as 

 much as possible on and near the growing parts of the vine. 

 ^This secures a dense sulphur vapor in direct contact with the 

 diseased organs. Sulphur on the old stump, or even on the 



