240 GRAPE CULTURE AND 



repeat but the wish of his many friends, that he should not 

 strain his powers too much, as he must necessarily do, con- 

 ducting all his business nearly alone. Such lives are too val- 

 uable to be shortened by overwork. Another of our pioneers 

 is Mr. Chas. Krug, and although at present rather "under a 

 cloud," brought about by his over-sanguine temperament, he 

 has done a great deal to advance viticulture to its present 

 prominence in Napa County, and his energy and pluck will 

 soon overcome all temporary obstacles; Napa Valley, and es- 

 pecially St. Helena, owes him much of its present prosperity 

 and prominence. Mr. Wm. Scheffler, of Edge Hill Vine- 

 yard, Beringer Bros., Gustave Niebaum, M. M. Estee, are 

 among the largest producers of the valley, and Messrs. Ber- 

 ringer Bros. , whose cellars are excavated from the solid rock, 

 and Capt. Niebaum's at Rutherford, designed by Capt. Mc- 

 Intyre, strive for the palm of the best cellars in the valley ; 

 which is not a small honor when we consider that there are 

 over two hundred wine cellars in all within a distance of about 

 twenty-five miles, with a capacity of storing 6,000,000 gal- 

 lons. The wine makers who purchase grapes and manufac- 

 ture them into wine are mostly located at Napa, and among 

 these the Uncle Sam Wine Cellars, formerly C. Anduran & 

 Co., now, since the death of Mr.. Anduran, Carpy & Co. is 

 the largest. They manufacture mostly clarets for the New 

 Orleans and Southern trade, have a capacity of nearly a mil- 

 lion gallons, and will make about 6, 000,000 gallons this year. 

 They not only purchase grapes from Napa County, but- also 

 from Solano, Yolo, and Santa Clara. The average price has 

 been fifteen dollars per ton, delivered at Napa, for Zinfandel 

 and other good varieties; from ten to twelve dollars per ton 

 for Mission and Malvasia. G. Migliavacca and sons have ak 

 so enlarged their wineries to about 350,000 capacity, and the 

 Napa Valley Wine Co., Mr. Priber, manager, may work up 

 about the same quantity. Mr. Mathews, of the Lisbon 



