WINE-MAKING IN CALIFORNIA. 337 



into a separate chamber ; while the water taken from it is 

 drawn into another direction in the form of vapor, and after- 

 wards condensed and discharged through the waste pipe. The 

 condensed must is drawn by a pump into barrells for shipment. 

 The grape must in its condensed form is almost as thick as 

 jelly, and contains seventy per cent of sugar. One hundred 

 and fifty gallons of must are condensed to forty gallons, and 

 of course the saving of freight alone is a large item. When it 

 reaches its destination it is fermented over again by adding 

 the same or a larger quantity of water than has been extracted, 

 and thus made into wine. Mr. Cone has not been able to 

 get a full water supply at Mr. Krugs, consequently has not 

 been able to operate to its full capacity. He hopes to dem- 

 onstrate by this season's operations the entire practicability of 

 the condenser, which would be within the means of one or 

 several of the larger producers, who cannot avail themselves 

 of the large condenser on the Springmuehl plan. 



THE SPRINGMUEHLE CONDENSER. 



A party consisting of chief ex-officer Wheeler, Mr. Charles 

 Krug, T. D. Cone and commissioner Isaac de Turk returned 

 from a visit to Sonoma County, where they visited the large 

 condenser lately established one mile north of Clairville by 

 the stockholders of the American Concentrated Must Co., J. 

 de Earth Shorb, President. They found it in successful op- 

 eration. It has a capacity of one hundred to one hundred 

 and fifty tons per day, but as their crushing and pressing faci- 

 lities are somewhat incomplete, they are only working about 

 fifty tons per day. Only claret grapes are used, for which 

 about twelve dollars per ton is paid. The grapes are crushed, 

 pressed, and the dry pomace afterwards mixed with the con- 

 densed must, so that all the wine making ingredients are pre- 

 served which the grape contains, and the product is shipped 

 direct to London, England, where it will be fermented and 

 turned into wine. They were much pleased by what they 



