TEMPORARY PASTURES. 357 



and oats are made to yield more in moist seasons when 

 grazed by sheep for a time in the spring. This benefit 

 comes largely through increased stooling in the plants. 



The following rules apply to the grazing of grass 

 pastures: 1. Never graze these if it is possible to 

 arrange otherwise when the pastures are so wet that 

 the land will, poach or become impacted as a result. 

 2. Close grazing lessens production in the pastures, but 

 in dry seasons the reduction resulting will be much 

 more than in wet seasons. 3. The palatability of all 

 kinds of plants is lessened for grazing if allowed to 

 form the seed head, and to prevent this it may be nec- 

 essary sometimes to use the mower. 4. Close grazing 

 in the late autumn weakens the vitality of the plants; 

 one result of which is they will not start so quickly or 

 so vigorously in the spring. 



The observations now submitted apply rather to pas- 

 tures produced by the small cereal grains: 1. The 

 further from the earing stage they are kept the more 

 pasture they will furnish and the longer the period 

 during which it will grow. 2. While being grazed, 

 grass pasture should be accessible on which the animals 

 can be pastured in time of wet, when grazing would 

 be hurtful to grain pastures. 3. Because of the suc- 

 culence of grain pastures and to avoid unnecessary 

 tramping, the animals grazed on grain pastures should 

 be grazed on grass pastures at night and also during 

 a portion of each day. 



In pasturing some animals grown for pasture, haz- 

 ard of loss is incurred. It arises from the following 

 sources: 1. When rape and succulent clovers are 



