358 GRAPES. 



it would have done had it been left in a state of nature, to 

 say nothing of its vastly superior quality ; the interior and 

 exterior berries possessing an equal degree of both colour 

 and flavour. The fellow shoot, which had been cut down 

 to two eyes, will have sent forth two shoots, which must be 

 treated in the same manner as directed for the first two in 

 the preceding summer. 



In the autumn pruning, when the leaves are fallen, the 

 shoot which produced the fruit must be cut out, leaving 

 the two young shoots only, which are to be treated precisely 

 as those had been before, except leaving the long shoot with 

 a few more eyes, in consequence of the increased strength 

 of the plant ; and allowing, perhaps, two bunches to remain 

 from each eye, instead of reducing them to one. 



This mode of pruning and training is applicable principal- 

 ly to those houses where the rafters only are to be occupied 

 by the vine, or where other crops are cultivated in the body 

 of the house ; but when it is intended to occupy the whole 

 roof, this system may still be adopted, by extending the vine 

 on each side of the rafter, till it meets that from the adjoin- 

 ing one ; or the vine may be divided at the bottom of the 

 rafter, on its first training, and formed with two principals 

 on each side, making four principals to each vine. If, how- 

 ever, the vines should consist of the larger-fruited class, 

 such as Muscat of Alexandria, Black Hamburgh, or Syrian, 

 &c., one principal on the rafter, and one on each side will be 

 much better than more. It may likewise be necessary to 

 extend this system still further, where the house is large, 

 and has a great length of rafter, which may be done by form- 

 ing a second series one half the way up the rafter ; by this 

 means a crop will be obtained under the upper as well as the 

 lower part of the roof. 



Vines against the open wall, or trellis. 



In the management of Vines against the common wall, 

 where it is intended to be wholly occupied for grapes, I 

 should recommend a somewhat similar method of pruning 

 and training to be adopted as that under glass ; with this dif- 

 ference, that instead of cutting down alternately for two 

 shoots, one only will be required. 



The vines should be planted at six feet apart, and sup- 

 posing the young plant to have one good and vigorous shoot, 

 it must be cut down to three or four eyes. As soon as the 



