, ZOANTHARIA. 151 



proved," says Dr. Johnston, " by the ribs being continued beyond or 

 round the point of attachment." The specimen here described was 

 dredged alive, and Professor Forbes says of it that " it is a most inter- 

 esting and beautiful species, the more so as it is certainly identical with 

 Defrance's Turbinolia melletiana, found in both the crag formations." 

 The Caryophillice (Lamarck), from /capita, a 1 nut, and (f)v\\ov, a leaf, 

 have the polypidom permanently fixed, simple, striated longitudinally, 

 and the summit hollowed into a lamellated star-like cup ; the animal, 

 actinia-like, is provided with a simple, or double crown of tentacula, 

 projecting from the surface of star-like, cylindrical, cone shaped cells. 



Fig. ti6. Caryophillia cyathus (Lamarck). 



In C. cyathus (Lamarck) (Fig. 66), which inhabits the Mediterranean, 

 the polyps are of a greyish colour, the tentacula streaked with black. 

 The polypidom is erect and upright, sometimes cylindrical, and generally 

 so firmly attached to the rock as to seem a part of it. The lamellae 

 are of three kinds : one large and prominent, between every pair of 

 which there are three, sometimes five, smaller ones, the centre one being 

 divided into two portions forming an inner series. The lamellse are 

 arched entire and striated on the sides, whence the margin appears 

 somewhat crenelated. " It is found," says Mr. Couch, " of all sizes, 

 from a mere speck to an inch in height. In a very young state, it is 

 sometimes found parasitical on Alcyonium digitatum, on shells, and 

 on the stalks of seaweeds ; but as these substances are very perishable, 



