46 Practical Game Preserving. 



enough to place out in the coops. The effect is to prevent 

 or kill the insects, it is said ; in any case, gapes never follows 

 its application. For further information respecting this 

 matter, vide " Poultry for Prizes and Profit," Cassell's " Book 

 of Poultry, " and Live Stock Journal, June 3oth, 1882, to 

 which we are indebted for the above particulars. Personally 

 we have depended solely on cleanliness and disinfection as a 

 preventative. 



The cures for gapes are several and easy of application, 

 but the disease must be taken early in its course, or its 

 weakening effect on the young bird proves fatal. Turpen- 

 tine, when the disease has not made a severe attack, and 

 carbolic acid, when it has, are the most reliable. There are 

 many other modes of removing the worms, more or less 

 effective in their way, but we much prefer the two named. 

 To cure gapes with turpentine a little patience, and some 

 skill are necessary. Immediately an afflicted chick is per- 

 ceived it must be treated. One person holds the bird, opens 

 its mouth, and with a little cotton wool, or piece of worsted- 

 thread, holds the tongue well forward. The second obtains 

 a soft flight feather and deprives it of its vane to within fin. 

 of its extremity, dips this in spirits of turpentine, and pushes 

 it down the bird's wind-pipe not more than ijin. to 2in. 

 according to the size of the bird, turns it two or three times 

 and withdraws it, twisting it round all the while. Properly 

 done the cure is complete, the only care to be taken being 

 not to strangle the bird, and to destroy by burning all the 

 entozoa withdrawn by the feather. For proper and satis- 

 factory application of the carbolic-acid cure, obtain a small 

 box about eighteen inches square, and one foot deep, fit to 



