CONTENTS 



XVII 



CHAPTER XIV 



CONTRACTILE TISSUES 



PAGE 



Structure - 437 



Development of Tension - 438 



Forms of Contraction - - - 439 



Work Done 440 



Tetanus ------- 440 



The Nature of the Contractile Process - 441 



Lactic Acid Production - - - 442 



Form of Energy .... 443 



Fate of Lactic Acid - ... 444 



Oxidation Phase 446 



Relation to Hydrogen Ion - - 448 



Food Used - .... 449 



Efficiency 449 



Fatigue - 451 



Special Contractile Tissues - - 451 



The Heart Muscle - - - - - 451 



All or Nothing - ... 452 



Staircase ------ 453 



Special Contractile Tissues contd. 



Refractory Period .... 4,14 



Summation of Contraction - - 454 



Action of Ions - .... 454 



Contractile Muscles and Arrest Muscles 454 



Transmission of Excitation ... 455 



Production of Heat - 455 



Calorimetry - - 456 



Normal Production - - - 456 



Effect of Food - - - - 456 



The Regulation of Temperature - - 456 



Temperature-Regulating Centre - - 457 



Evolution of Temperature Regulation - 458 



Rhythmic Contraction - - - 459 



Movements of Plants - - 459 



The Graphic Method 



Summary - - 460 



Literature- ....-- 463 



CHAPTER XV 



NERVOUS SYSTEMS, PERIPHERAL AND CENTRAL 



Origin of the Nervous System - - - 464 



Neurones ------ 4G6 



Structure and Properties of the Neurone - 469 



The Nerve Network 472 



The Synaptic System - - - 474 



Summation 474 



" All or Nothing " 474 



Irreciprocal Conduction - - - 475 



Fatigue 475 



Reflex Action - .... 475 



Final Common Path - 475 



Afferent Arc 477 



Functions of the "Brain" - 477 



Motor Area - 477 



Properties of Cortical Points- - 480 



The Cerebellum 



Memory and Association - - - -481 



Speech 482 



Methods of Investigation - - - 482 



The Cerebral Circulation - - 484 

 The Sympathetic and Other Parts of the 



Autonomic System - 484 



Summary 485 



Literature 487 



CHAPTER XVI 

 REFLEX ACTION 



Spinal Reflexes - 

 Latent Period . 

 After- Discharge 



Summation 



Facilitation - 

 Induction - 



Immediate - - - - 



Successive - - - - 

 Irreversibility of Direction - 

 Refractory Phase - 

 Reciprocal Innervation - 



In Willed Movements 



Peripheral - - - 

 Double Reciprocal Innervation 

 Rhythmic Reflexes 

 The Action of Strychnine and 



Chloroform - 



of 



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499 



Spinal Reflexes contd. 

 Interaction of Reflexes 

 Compound Reflexes 

 Fatigue - 



Nociceptive Reflexes 

 The Extensor Thrust 

 Autototny - -> 

 Methods 



Conditioned Reflexes 

 Temporary Association 

 Inhibition 

 The Analysers 

 Removal of Cortex 

 Hypnosis and Sleep 



Summary - 



Literature - 



CHAPTER XVII 

 RECEPTOR ORGANS 



Nocuous Stimuli 

 The Chemical Sense - 

 Touch Receptors 



b 



510 

 510 

 511 



The Receptor Mechanism in General 

 Miiller's Law- - - 

 Analysers - 



500 

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511 

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