XVIII. 

 NATURE'S LAWS. 



THE naturalist sees all round him evidences of 

 order, unity, fitness, and economy. Everything 

 is one great whole working together for good ; 

 wheels within wheels revolve, no one of which 

 is entirely useless. The individual unit, how- 

 ever, is not of the first importance, but rather 

 the whole realm. Nevertheless, as the whole is 

 made up of its parts, these have to be considered ; 

 at the same time the failure of a few does not 

 much affect the species, nor does the downfall 

 of even a species permanently affect the great 

 whole. 



Whether this condition of things was designed 

 is hard to tell ; we see only consequences. In 

 fact, we cannot conceive of an effect without 

 a cause. Everything that exists is what it is 

 because something happened in the past. There 



is no such thing as chance. 

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