Illustrations. 



xv 



PAGE 



159. Insect emerging from its Nest ...... 391 



160. Triple-clawed Foot of Spider 395 



161. Small Galls on Oak-leaf 398 



162. Ovipositor of Gall-Fly 399 



163. Gall-Fly and mechanism of ovipositor .... 400 

 J64. Bedeguar Gall of the Kose 402 



165. One of the bristles of Bedeguar, magnified . . .403 



166. Artichoke Gall of the Oak-bud, and Insect . . . 405 



167. Leafy gall of Dyer's Broom 406 



168. Semi-gall of the Hawthorn 408 



169. Woolly Gall of the Oak . . . . . . .409 



170. Oak-apple Galls 410 



171. Eoot-galls of the Oak 411 



172. Woody Gall on a Willow Branch 412 



173. Currant-gall of the catkins of the Oak .... 413 



174. Gall of the Hawthorn-Weevil 414 



175. Plant-Louse, magnified 416 



176. Galls produced on the Poplar, and Insects . . . 417 



177. Leaf of the Currant-bush with Aphides .... 419 



178. Shoot of Lime-tree contorted by A. tilix . . . .421 



179. Pseudo-gall of the Bramble 422 



1 80. Pseudo-galls of the Hawthorn 423 



181. Ovipositor of the Breeze-Fly 426 



182. The Grub of Breeze-Fly 432 



183. The Ox-Breeze-Fly 433 



184. Bumps produced on cattle by Breeze-Fly . 434 



185. Microgaster glomeratus . . . . . . .438 



186. Microgaster alveolarius ..... 439 



