370 



NATURE 



[August i6, 1900 



"by Mr. W. Gibson, of H.M. Geological Survey ; while the 

 fossil fishes of the Carboniferous rocks will be discussed 

 by Dr. E. D. Wellburn. Prof. W. B. Scott has promised 

 ^ paper, with lantern illustrations, on the geology and 

 palaeontology of Patagonia, which promises to be of great 

 interest. Prof. A. P. Coleman, of Toronto, brings forward 

 an account of a ferriferous horizon in the Huronian of 

 Lake Superior, and will also present the final report of 

 the Committee for the investigation of Pleistocene de- 

 posits in Canada. Mr. J. J. H. Teall will describe a 

 plutonic complex of Sutherland, and its bearing on 

 current hypotheses as to the genesis of igneous rocks. 

 •Glacial subjects, as usual, will receive due attention ; 

 papers on the local phenomena will be brought forward 

 by Dr. Monckman and Messrs. Muff, Jowett and others, 

 -and on those of Welsh localities by Mr. E. Greenley and 

 Mr. J. R. Dakyns. The concretions of the magnesium 

 limestone of Durham will be discussed by Dr. Abbott. 

 Tidal ripple-marks will be described by Mr. Vaughan 

 •Cornish ; and the caves and pot-holes of Ingleborough 

 and district by their explorer, Mr. S. W. Cuttriss, in 

 both cases with lantern illustrations. Mr. A. C. Seward 

 will treat of the Jurassic flora of the Yorkshire coast. 

 Among the reports of committees will be that which deals 

 with the course taken by underground waters in the Ingle- 

 borough district, giving the result of recent experiments ; 

 and excursions have been arranged to the sites of the 

 investigation. As usual, short afternoon sectional excur- 

 sions to places of geological interest in the neighbour- 

 hood of Bradford will be included in the arrangements 

 of the Section. 



Zoology (and Physiology). 



Dr. R. H. Traquair, F.R.S., the President of Section 

 D (Zoology and Physiology), will address the Section on 

 ■" The Bearings of Fossil Ichthyology on the Doctrine of 

 Descent." Major Ronald Ross will (by request) address 

 the Section on " Malaria and Mosquitoes." Messrs. 

 <jamble and Keeble will give an account of their 

 researches on the "Colour-Physiology of Hippolyte," 

 illustrated by lantern projections and practical demon- 

 strations. Prof. L. C. Miall, F.R.S., will read a paper 

 on the "Respiration of Aquatic Insects"; and other 

 papers on the natural history of insects will be given 

 by Messrs. T. H. Taylor, Wilkinson, Walker, and Dr. 

 Munro. Prof. S. J. Hickson, F.R.S., will read a paper 

 on " The Nuclei of Dendrocometes." Among the reports 

 ^f committees, Mr. Stanley Gardiner's account of his 

 researches on the Coral Islands of the Indian Ocean is 

 -awaited with particular interest. 



Geography. 



In Section E (Geography), the President, Sir George 

 Robertson, will deliver his address on Thursday, Sep- 

 tember 6, at II a.m. The subject of the address is 

 appropriately " Geography and the Empire." Amongst 

 the subjects to which special attention will be directed 

 in the Section may be mentioned that of " Colonial and 

 Foreign Surveys." Papers dealing with these will be 

 read by Mr. E. G. Ravenstein and Mr. B. V. Darbishire ; 

 and Dr. H. R. Mill will contribute a paper on " The 

 Treatment of Regional Geography." Problems of applied 

 ■commercial geography will be dealt with by Mr. G. G. 

 Chisholm in a paper on "Some Consequences that may 

 be Anticipated from the Development of the Resource's 

 of China," and Mr. E. Heawood on the " Commercial 

 Resources of Africa." 



An important paper on " Railway connection between 

 Europe and Asia" will be contributed by Sir Thomas 

 Holdich ; and it is hoped that Mr. C. R. Beazeley will 

 ■return in time to give an account of his journeys on the 

 recently-opened portions of the Siberian Railway. 



The excellent work initiated by Mr. T. G. RoopeV 

 while H.M. Inspector of Schools at Bradford, a i 



NO. 1607, VOL. 62] 



carried on by Mr. E. R. Wethey, one of the secretaries 

 of the Section, makes papers on " School Geography," 

 and the teaching of elementary geography generally, of 

 special interest at this meeting. Mr. Rooper and Mr. 

 Wethey will each describe parts of their work, and will 

 exhibit some of the maps and models used as illustrations, 

 in the exhibition which forms a novel feature of the 

 Bradford meeting. 



In the department of geographical exploration, Mr, 

 C. E. Borchgrevink will give an account of the voyage of 

 the Southern Cross in the Antarctic regions. Captain 

 H. P. Deasy will describe his journeys in Central 

 Asia ; Captain E. S. Grogan contributes a paper, " Through 

 Africa from the Cape to Cairo" ; and Mr. Cutliffe Hyne 

 one on " Arctic Lapland." 



On special and more technical subjects there will be 

 papers on "Large Earthquakes in 1899," by Prof. John 

 Milne ; on the " Distribution of Relative Humidity," by 

 Mr. E. G. Ravenstein ; on " Snow Ripples," by Mr. 

 Vaughan Cornish ; and on " The Origin of Moels," by 

 Mr. J. E. Marr. 



Mechanical Science. 

 Sir Alexander Binnie, the President of Section G 

 (Mechanical Science), will survey the various stages of 

 scientific progress which have led to the modern con- 

 ception of natural phenomena. Several interesting 

 papers by local engineers will be read before the 

 Section. One, by Mr. J. Watson, will describe the 

 Bradford waterworks and the very fine reservoirs 

 belonging to that system. In connection with this 

 there will be an excursion on the Saturday to the 

 reservoirs. A paper will be read by Prof. Hele-Shaw on 

 the resistance of road vehicles to traction. A proposal 

 will be made to appoint a committee of the Association 

 to carry out an exhaustive series of experiments on road 

 resistance. Much interest will no doubt be excited by 

 the paper which is to be read by Mr. J. H. Glass on the 

 coal and iron ore fields at Shansi and Honan, and rail- 

 way construction in China. This paper will be illustrated 

 by a number of lantern slides showing the Chinese 

 methods of working these mineral deposits. In view of 

 the great industry of Bradford, the paper by Prof. 

 Beaumont on the application of photography to textile 

 designing is likely to create great interest. In the 

 department of electrical engineering there is a good 

 programme of papers. The Small Screw Gauge Com- 

 mittee will submit a report descriptive of a series of 

 experiments which have been carried out by Mr. Price 

 in the engineering laboratory at University College, 

 London ; and in connection with this, a paper will be read 

 by Mr. O. P. Clements on screw threads used in cycle 

 construction and for screws subject to vibration. Mr. A. 

 Mallock will give an account of experiments he has 

 made to determine the tractive force, resistance, and 

 acceleration of electric trains. Mr. Aldridge's paper on 

 the automobile for electric street traction will describe a 

 novel process, by means of which, in certain circum- 

 stances, it is possible to organise a tram service without 

 tram rails, and this paper will be illustrated by the 

 cinematograph, showing an actual system at work. 



Anthropology. 

 In the Anthropological Section, the President, Prof. J. 

 Rhys, proposes to devote his opening address to " the 

 prehistoric ethnology of the British Isles," a subject 

 full of matter for discussion, on which he is entitled 

 to speak with peculiar authority. Several important 

 papers are expected in the department of anthro- 

 pometry, especially a note by Dr. Beddoe on the 

 "vagaries of the Cephiilic Index," and a paper by Prof. 

 Cunningham on the " Sacral Index." Mr. H. Ling Roth 

 contributes a classification of various modes of orna- 

 menting the skin, such as tattooing, cicatrisation, and 



