58 STUDY OF COMMON PLANTS. 



window garden, the drug store, collections of preceding 

 years, and seedlings raised in the laboratory will, even in 

 winter, furnish abundant material. The following may be 

 suggested as a partial list : English ivy, geranium, prim- 

 rose, verbena, rose, oxalis, maurandia, nasturtium, oak, 

 maple, elm, lily, Indian corn, hyacinth, amaryllis, arbor 

 vitse, hemlock, juniper, and different species of pines. 



Schedule for Leaf Description. 



1. Position. Radical 2 or cauline. 



2. Arrangement. Opposite, alternate, whorled, fascicu- 



late. 



3. Relation to Stem. Petiolate, sessile, perfoliate, 



sheathing, connate, decurrent, etc. 



4. Stipules. Described as leaves. If absent, the leaf is 



said to be exstipulate. 



5. Form. Acicular, awl-shaped, linear, oblong, ellipti- 



cal, oval, rotund, ovate, lanceolate, reniform, 

 obovate, oblanceolate, etc. 



6. Apex and Base. For special terms see dictionary and 



text-books. 



7. Margin. Entire, serrate, dentate, crenate, sinuate, 



irregular, lobed, cleft, parted, divided, etc. 



8. Venation. Pinnate, palmate, parallel. 



9. Surface. Glabrous, glaucous, pubescent, wooly, vil- 



lose, hirsute, prickly, etc. (These terms apply also 

 to the surface of other organs.) 



10. Compound Leaves. Pinnate, bi-pinnate, tri-pinnate, 

 palmate, bi-palmate, tri-palmate, pinnately or pal- 

 mately decompound, etc. 



1 Gray's Lessons, Section 7, and illustrations of botanical terms in 

 Webster's International Dictionary should be consulted. 



2 A misleading term, but fixed in the language. 



