THE PINE FAMILY. 133 



2. Whether they are deciduous or persistent. Do the 

 two species agree in this respect? 



IV. Study cones of the two species, and note the points 

 in which they agree or differ. 



V. Extend the comparison, if practicable, to the stand- 

 ing trees, observing their mode of branching and other 

 characteristic features. 



VI. Finally, passing in review all the points to which 

 attention has been called, summarize your observations in 

 a brief written description, taking care to bring out clearly 

 the distinctive characteristics of each species. 



NORWAY SPRUCE. HEMLOCK. 



Determine in what respects the Norway spruce differs 

 from the pines. Is the arrangement of the branches the same? 

 How do the leaves compare in size, form, and mode of inser- 

 tion with those of the pines? Compare the terminal buds. 

 Is there anything common to the cones of the two species 

 of pines riot belonging to those of the Norway spruce? 

 Do the seeds of the latter differ in any structural par- 

 ticular from those of the former ? 



In the same way compare the hemlock with the different 

 species already studied, noting arrangement of branches, 

 position, form, and size of leaves, peculiarities of terminal 

 buds, structure of cones, and other characteristic features. 



JUNIPER AND RED CEDAR. 



I. Compare the two species and note all points of dif- 

 ference and resemblance. 



1. What is the form of the leaves of the juniper? 

 Number of leaves in a whorl? How do those of 

 the red cedar compare in size, shape, and arrange- 



