LIME MACHINES. 133 



tree with the brush. The tools (Plate XXI., Fig. 2, a, 6, c) 

 are also attached to poles, and are used for scraping and 

 smoothing the bark at a height. Tool c has a scraper upon 

 one side and a stiff brush upon the other. The lime hose 

 (Plate XXI., Fig. 4) is an elongated cone-shaped bag made 

 from some thick fabric. It has a mouth-piece at the small end 

 for the outlet of the lime, while on the large end is attached 

 a tin ring or cover, by means of which the bag may be filled 

 and closed. This apparatus is carried by a strap or band 

 passing over the right shoulder, and the lime is squeezed out 

 by forward pressure of the right hand. It is inexpensive, 

 easily carried and durable ; still, it cannot be entirely satis- 

 factory, as the oil with which the lime is mixed will gradually 

 work through the fabric and soil the clothing of the workman. 



The Eck lime hose is illustrated also (Plate XXI., Fig. 5), 

 but, as the filling is done at the smaller end, requiring an 

 expensive apparatus for forcing the lime in, it would hardly 

 seem a desirable machine, although its cost in Germany is 

 small (1 mark, about 25 cents). A very simple machine is 

 a large tin cylinder (Plate XXI., Fig. 6) with a piston, the 

 handle of which is pushed in by the man using it, who in 

 this way drives the lime through the tin mouth-piece. This 

 mouth-piece can be removed and others of different sizes can 

 be substituted, according to the thickness and shape of the 

 lime ring desired. 



The Seitz lime machine (Plate XXII. , Fig. 2) is a large tin 

 apparatus holding about two and one-half quarts. The cover 

 is fastened with a "bayonet" lock. The piston, which is 

 geared, is worked back and forth by a geared wheel or cog 

 fastened to the cover, and turned by a handle. This larger ap- 

 paratus, rather heavy when filled, is carried crosswise in front 

 of the workman, who turns the handle with his right hand. 



The Hauenstein lime machine (Plate XXII., Fig. 3) is 

 operated on the same principle as the last, except that the 

 piston is driven forward by spring-power. The tin mouth- 

 piece is connected with the main body of the machine by a 

 piece of hemp hose, which is movable. The spring is drawn 

 by the aid of a wire rope with a loop at its end. The work- 

 man sets his foot in the loop, draws the machine upward and 

 so draws the spring, which is arrested by a snap latch. The 



