146 THE GYPSY MOTH. 



Agriculture in 1891, but were so improved and modified by 

 labor-saving attachments as to render them doubly effective. 

 For each of these outfits a tank or hogshead holding one 

 hundred and sixty gallons (Fig. 9) is provided, bearing on 

 its upper end a plank foot-board six feet long and one foot 

 wide. A double-acting Douglass or Gould force-pump (see 

 Plate XXV., Fig. 1, and Plate XXVI., Fig. 2) is mounted 

 near the middle of the foot-board. Either of these pumps 

 when well manned furnishes sufficient force for all kinds of 

 spraying with several nozzles at once. The suction pipe of 

 the pump descends into the tank at the side and reaches to 

 within two inches of the bottom, where it is terminated by a 

 fine wire gauze strainer made from No. 32 wire, woven forty 

 or fifty meshes to the inch, which serves to exclude all foreign 

 substances which may clog the pump or nozzle. The diame- 

 ter of the strainer should not be less than twice that of the 

 suction pipe. In the head of the tank is inserted a stirrer 

 made from two pieces of two-inch spruce scantling, one six 

 feet and the other two feet in length, the two being joined at 

 right angles at the lower end of the longer piece. When 

 placed in the tank the long arm is hinged on a bolt or rod 

 at the opening in the head of the hogshead while the short 

 arm swings just clear of the bottom. This lever projects 

 above the top of the tank. By moving it back and forth 

 the liquid is thoroughly agitated. The pump is operated 

 by means of a powerful lever or brake worked by one or 

 two men, according to the amount of pressure needed. It 

 is connected by means of a Y coupling with two lines of hose 

 upon which from two to six nozzles can be used. The men 

 when pumping stand on the foot-board already mentioned. 

 The whole apparatus is lashed on a wagon or cart and trans- 

 ported from place to place as required. When in use one 

 man operates each line of hose, the driver of the team usu- 

 ally does the stirring, while the whole work of spraying 

 is directed by an inspector. With this apparatus there is 

 no difficulty in spraying at any required height. Two 

 men on the brakes furnish force sufficient to throw a good 

 spray from a Gem nozzle when held ninety feet from the 

 ground. 



