154 THE GYPSY MOTH. 



out climbing. The extension nozzles ordinarily made, being 

 but five or six feet in length, are not particularly useful for 

 this purpose, but may be used to advantage when the work- 

 man stands on a tirm step-ladder. In the work on the gypsy 

 moth a light wooden pole twelve feet in length was used 

 in orchard spraying. The nozzle and hose were attached 

 to this pole by means of snap hooks, or the nozzle was 

 secured to the end of the pole by means of a cap provided 

 for the purpose. In using this pole the workman carried 

 the lower end in a socket attached to a belt around the 

 waist. 



Power Spraying Machines for Orchards and Field Crops. 



Several horse-power spraying machines have been pro- 

 duced with the intent of saving time, labor and money to 

 the user. In using such of these machines as we have seen, 

 it is necessary to keep the horse moving in order to work 

 the pump by horse power, and it is difficult to get sufficient 

 power without driving too fast to give time for thoroughly 

 spraying the trees in passing. Therefore in spraying trees 

 the pump must be operated by hand. These machines are 

 valuable in spraying potatoes and other crops grown on the 

 ground. 



The " giant, automatic power sprayer" (Plate XXVI., Fig. 

 1) has been adopted for use in the gypsy-moth work, but as 

 yet has not been thoroughly tested in the field. It consists 

 of a sixty-gallon oak tank suspended between two wheels 

 with wide tires. The diameter of the wheel is three and 

 one-half feet. The frame is strongly made to enable the 

 operator to use the machine upon rough ground. Endless 

 sprocket gears attached to the wheels communicate the power 

 to the handle of the pump by means of a shaft. The gear- 

 ing may be thrown out of action in an instant to prevent 

 waste when it is not desired to operate the sprayer. The 

 pump can be disconnected from the horse-power machinery 

 and operated by hand in spraying large trees. This sprayer 

 in operation is shown in Plate XXVIII. Several steam 

 spraying machines have been invented, but we have had 

 no experience in their use. 



