ASSEMBLING. 351 



As shown by these records, males were assembled 427 yards 

 (see experiment No. 6), 440 yards (see experiment No. 8), 

 713 yards (see experiment No. 6) and 880 yards (see experi- 

 ment No. 2). 



A series of experiments, to determine the manner in which 

 the male gypsy moth recognizes the presence of the female, 

 was made at the insectary and in the field, with the follow- 

 ing results : 



Experiment No. 9. 



July 25. To determine the effect of alcohol upon the 

 antennae, as the shellac to be used later was dissolved in 

 alcohol, the antennae of a male moth were thoroughly bathed 

 in ninety-three per cent, alcohol at 10.50 A.M. The first 

 effect of this application might well be called a complete 

 intoxication. The moth lay for two or three minutes flat 

 on the table without stirring. At 10.53 he began to move, 

 but had only partial control of his limbs, and travelled with 

 unsteady gait a short distance on the bench. By degrees he 

 completely recovered his normal condition, and at 1.15 P.M. 

 he mated with a female in a normal manner. 



Experiment No. 10. 



July 30. At 9.30 A.M., the wings of four unfertilized 

 females were completely covered with shellac, after which 

 the moths were placed in the experimental room, and two 

 males in normal condition were liberated. At 10 A.M., 

 a female attracted and mated with one of the males. At 

 10.50 A.M., the other male was attracted to a second female, 

 but did not mate. At 11.30 A.M., the same male was 

 attracted to a third female, with the same results as in the 

 preceding case. At 3 P.M., one of these females attracted a 

 male, which mated with her at once. 



Experiment No. 11. 



July 30. At 9.30 A M., the dorsal surface of four females 

 (with the exception of the wings) was coated with shellac 

 varnish, the moths then being introduced into the experi- 

 mental room with a number of normal males. At 10.30 

 A.M., one female mated with a male. At 11.40 a female 



